B2.6.1

Question 1

The chemical reactions inside cells are controlled by

Answer 1

Enzymes

Question 2

During aerobic respiration (respiration that uses oxygen) chemical reactions occur that:

Answer 2

Use glucose (a sugar) and oxygen

Release energy

Question 3

Aerobic respiration takes place

Answer 3

Continuously in both plants and animals

Question 4

Most of the reactions in aerobic respiration take place inside

Answer 4

Mitochondria

Question 5

Aerobic respiration is summarised by the equation

Answer 5

Glucose + oxygen –> carbon dioxide + water + (+ energy)

Question 6

Energy that is released during respiration is used by the organism. The energy nah be used:

Answer 6

To build larger molecules from smaller ones

In animals to enable muscles to contract

In mammals and birds, to maintain a steady body temperature in colder surroundings

In plants, to build up sugars, nitrates and other nutrients into amino acids which are then built up into proteins

Question 7

During exercise a number of changes take place:

Answer 7

The heart rate increases

The rate and depth of breathing increases

Question 8

These changes increase the blood flow to the muscles and so increase the supply of sugar and oxygen and increase the

Answer 8

Rate of removal of carbon dioxide

Question 9

Muscles store glucose as

Answer 9

Glycogen which can then be converted back to glucose for use during exercise