B2.5.2 Flashcards
The shape of a enzyme is vital for the enzymes function. What can change the shape?
High temperatures
Different enzymes work best at
Different pH values
Some enzymes work
Outside the body cells
The digestive enzymes are produced by
Specialised cells in glands and in the lining of the gut. The enzymes then pass out of the cells into the gut where they come into contact with food molecules. They catalyse the breakdown of large molecules into smaller molecules.
The enzyme amylase is produced in the
Salivary glands
Pancreas
Small intestine
Amylase catalyses the breakdown of
Starch into sugars in the mouth and small intestine
Protease enzymes are produced by
The stomach
The pancreas
The small intestine
Protease enzymes catalyse the breakdown of proteins into
Amino acids in the stomach and the small intestine
Lipase enzymes are produced by the
Pancreas and small intestine
Lipase enzymes catalyse the breakdown of lipids (fats and oils) into
Fatty acids and glycerol in the small intestine
The stomach also produces
Hydrochloric acid
The enzymes in the stomach work most effectively in
Acid conditions
Some microorganisms produce enzymes that pass out of cells. These enzymes have many uses in
The home and in industry
In the home biological detergents may contain
Protein-digesting and fat-digesting enzymes (proteases and lipases)
Biological detergents are more effective at
Low temperatures that other types of detergents
