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DAS CCEA GCSE Biology 2 > B2.3 Reproduction > Flashcards

B2.3 Reproduction Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the male gamete?

A

Sperm

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2
Q

Where is sperm produced?

A

Testes

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3
Q

What is the production of sperm controlled by?

A

Testosterone

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4
Q

What is the female gamete?

A

Egg

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5
Q

Where is the female gamete stored and produced ?

A

Ovaries

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6
Q

Where does fertilization occur?

A

Oviduct

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7
Q

What happens when a happloid sperm and egg fuse?

A

It forms a diploid zygote

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8
Q

What forms when the diploid zygote divides by mitosis?

A

A ball of cells

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9
Q

What happens when the diploid zygote moves down the oviduct to the uterus?

A

It implants in the uterus lining

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10
Q

A variety of what gets produced when a ball of cells differentiate?

A

Produces a variety of tissues and organs

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11
Q

What does the placenta allow diffusion of between the mother and the baby?

A

Diffusion of substances between the mother and baby

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12
Q

What does the umbilical cord carry from the placenta?

A

Substances from the placenta to the baby

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13
Q

What is the name of the membrane that stores amniotic fluid?

A

Amnion

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14
Q

Why does the placenta have a large surface area?

A

Diffusion

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15
Q

What wall does the villi extend into?

A

Extend into the uterus wall

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16
Q

What does the bladder do?

A

Store urine

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17
Q

What does the sperm duct do?

A

Carries sperm to the pens from the testes

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18
Q

What is semen?

A

The liquid sperm is carried in

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19
Q

What does the prostate gland do?

A

Make semen

20
Q

What is the scrotum?

A

A sack of skin that contains testes

21
Q

What do the testes do?

A

Produce sperm

22
Q

What travels through the oviduct and then what occurs?

A

Eggs travel through them and fertilisation occurs here

23
Q

What develops in the uterus?

A

Babies develop

24
Q

What is deposited in the vagina?

A

Sperm is deposited

25
Q

What is the vulva?

A

The opening of the vagina

26
Q

What does the cervix do?

A

Closes the opening of the uterus

27
Q

What develops in the ovaries?

A

Eggs

28
Q

List 2 types of chemical contraceptive and explain what they do.

A

Contraceptive pill and implants

Changes hormone levels and stops development of an ovum.

29
Q

Give one example of a mechanical barrier and explain what it does.

A

Condom - acts as a barrier preventing passage of sperm, also protects against STIs

30
Q

Surgical contraception is very difficult to reverse but highly effective. List 2 types of surgical contraception and explain them.

A

Male sterilization - cutting of sperm duct preventing sperm moving into the penis

Female sterilization - cutting of oviducts which prevents ova being fertilized or reaching uterus

31
Q

List 3 causes of infertility.

A

No egg production
Low sperm count
Blockages in oviduct

32
Q

List how treatment for infertility works

A

Hormones used to produce ova
IVF - eggs fertilized with sperm and collected in lab in a petri dish
Fertilized eggs placed back into uterus

33
Q

What is the male sex hormone?

A

Testosterone

34
Q

What is the female sex hormone?

A

Oestrogen

35
Q

List 4 changes to females during puberty

A

Breast enlargement
Ovaries begin to release eggs
Mensturation begins
Pelvis & hips get wider

36
Q

List 3 changes both genders experience during puberty

A

Sex organs enlarge
Underarm hair and pubic hair grow
Sexual awareness and drive increase

37
Q

List 3 changes that only occur in males during puberty

A

Voice deepens
Body gets more muscular
Testes start to produce sperm cells

38
Q

What does oestrogen build and release?

A

Builds up the lining and triggers the release of an egg cell

39
Q

What does progesterone do?

A

Maintains Lining

40
Q

What is the female sex hormone produced by the ovaries?

A

Oestrogen

41
Q

What does progesterone continue the build up of after what?

A

Continues the build up of the uterine lining after ovulation

42
Q

What does oestrogen do? (Stimulate, Start and Repair)

A

Stimulates ovulation and starts the build up and repair of the uterine wall after menstruation

43
Q

In the menstrual cycle, what occurs from days 1 through 5?

A

Menstruation

44
Q

From days 6 to 11 what happens in the menstrual cycle to the uterine lining and why?

A

Uterine lining builds up in preparation for pregnancy

45
Q

What occurs from day 13 to 15 of the menstrual cycle?

A

Ovulation

DAS CCEA GCSE Biology 2 (6 decks)

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