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DAS CCEA GCSE Biology 2 > B2.3 Reproduction > Flashcards

B2.3 Reproduction Flashcards

1
Q

What is the male gamete?

A

Sperm

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2
Q

Where is sperm produced?

A

Testes

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3
Q

What is the production of sperm controlled by?

A

Testosterone

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4
Q

What is the female gamete?

A

Egg

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5
Q

Where is the female gamete stored and produced ?

A

Ovaries

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6
Q

Where does fertilization occur?

A

Oviduct

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7
Q

What happens when a happloid sperm and egg fuse?

A

It forms a diploid zygote

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8
Q

What forms when the diploid zygote divides by mitosis?

A

A ball of cells

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9
Q

What happens when the diploid zygote moves down the oviduct to the uterus?

A

It implants in the uterus lining

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10
Q

A variety of what gets produced when a ball of cells differentiate?

A

Produces a variety of tissues and organs

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11
Q

What does the placenta allow diffusion of between the mother and the baby?

A

Diffusion of substances between the mother and baby

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12
Q

What does the umbilical cord carry from the placenta?

A

Substances from the placenta to the baby

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13
Q

What is the name of the membrane that stores amniotic fluid?

A

Amnion

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14
Q

Why does the placenta have a large surface area?

A

Diffusion

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15
Q

What wall does the villi extend into?

A

Extend into the uterus wall

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16
Q

What does the bladder do?

A

Store urine

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17
Q

What does the sperm duct do?

A

Carries sperm to the pens from the testes

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18
Q

What is semen?

A

The liquid sperm is carried in

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19
Q

What does the prostate gland do?

A

Make semen

20
Q

What is the scrotum?

A

A sack of skin that contains testes

21
Q

What do the testes do?

A

Produce sperm

22
Q

What travels through the oviduct and then what occurs?

A

Eggs travel through them and fertilisation occurs here

23
Q

What develops in the uterus?

A

Babies develop

24
Q

What is deposited in the vagina?

A

Sperm is deposited

25
What is the vulva?
The opening of the vagina
26
What does the cervix do?
Closes the opening of the uterus
27
What develops in the ovaries?
Eggs
28
List 2 types of chemical contraceptive and explain what they do.
Contraceptive pill and implants Changes hormone levels and stops development of an ovum.
29
Give one example of a mechanical barrier and explain what it does.
Condom - acts as a barrier preventing passage of sperm, also protects against STIs
30
Surgical contraception is very difficult to reverse but highly effective. List 2 types of surgical contraception and explain them.
Male sterilization - cutting of sperm duct preventing sperm moving into the penis Female sterilization - cutting of oviducts which prevents ova being fertilized or reaching uterus
31
List 3 causes of infertility.
No egg production Low sperm count Blockages in oviduct
32
List how treatment for infertility works
Hormones used to produce ova IVF - eggs fertilized with sperm and collected in lab in a petri dish Fertilized eggs placed back into uterus
33
What is the male sex hormone?
Testosterone
34
What is the female sex hormone?
Oestrogen
35
List 4 changes to females during puberty
Breast enlargement Ovaries begin to release eggs Mensturation begins Pelvis & hips get wider
36
List 3 changes both genders experience during puberty
Sex organs enlarge Underarm hair and pubic hair grow Sexual awareness and drive increase
37
List 3 changes that only occur in males during puberty
Voice deepens Body gets more muscular Testes start to produce sperm cells
38
What does oestrogen build and release?
Builds up the lining and triggers the release of an egg cell
39
What does progesterone do?
Maintains Lining
40
What is the female sex hormone produced by the ovaries?
Oestrogen
41
What does progesterone continue the build up of after what?
Continues the build up of the uterine lining after ovulation
42
What does oestrogen do? (Stimulate, Start and Repair)
Stimulates ovulation and starts the build up and repair of the uterine wall after menstruation
43
In the menstrual cycle, what occurs from days 1 through 5?
Menstruation
44
From days 6 to 11 what happens in the menstrual cycle to the uterine lining and why?
Uterine lining builds up in preparation for pregnancy
45
What occurs from day 13 to 15 of the menstrual cycle?
Ovulation

DAS CCEA GCSE Biology 2 (6 decks)

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