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Biology > B2.2 > Flashcards

B2.2 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is oxygen used for in aerobic respiration?

A

It is used to release energy form molecules such as glucose

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2
Q

What is the word equation for aerobic respiration?

A

Oxygen+glucose=carbon dioxide+water+energy released for use in the cell

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3
Q

What is respiration?

A

The release of energy from food molecules that acts as a fuel for the cell

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4
Q

How is oxygen and glucose needed for respiration carried around the human body?

A

In blood (red blood cells)

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5
Q

What is diffusion?

A

The random movement or spreading of particles. For an area of high concentration to and area of low concentration. The particles diffuse down a concentration gradient

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6
Q

What is an alveoli ?

A

A tiny air sac in the spongy tissue of your lung

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7
Q

Describe the process of gas exchange

A

Oxygen enters the body through the lungs into the alveoli (air sacs) which are surrounded by capillaries. The oxygen diffuses out of the alveoli onto the red blood cells in the blood where it is taken around the body. At the same time carbon dioxide diffuses from the red blood cells in the capillary to the alveoli where it is breathed out through the lungs

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8
Q

What is stroke volume of the heart?

A

The amount of blood the heart pumps out in each beat

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9
Q

What is cardiac output?

A

Stroke volume X heart rate

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10
Q

What is anaerobic respiration?

A

This form of respiration takes place when we cannot supply enough oxygen to our muscles. It is an alternate method to break down glucose and release energy without oxygen

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11
Q

What is EPOC?

A

Excess post exercise oxygen consumption

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12
Q

What is starch made of?

A

Thousands of glucose molecules

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13
Q

What is photosynthesis?

A

The process plants use to make their own glucose out of the raw materials of carbon dioxide and water

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14
Q

Where does photosynthesis occur?

A

Inside cell organelles called chloroplasts

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15
Q

How is light energy absorbed by plants?

A

By chlorophyll

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16
Q

What is the word equation for photosynthesis?

A

Carbon dioxide + water > glucose + oxygen

17
Q

What are stomata and what do they do?

A

They are small holes on the underside of a leaf that let different gasses into the leaf

18
Q

What do roots do?

A
  • anchor the plant into the ground

- take up water and mineral salts from the soil

19
Q

What are root hair cells?

A

Extensions on roots that reach into the surrounding soil

20
Q

What do root hair cells do?

A

The root hair cells provide a larger surface area for substances to enter the roots

21
Q

Describe osmosis

A

When water enters the root hair cell, across a partially permeable membrane

22
Q

What is active transport?

A

When particles are absorbed against a concentration gradient

23
Q

How does water get from the roots of a plant to the plants tissues?

A

Through the xylem tube

24
Q

What is xylem tissue and what does it do?

A

They are long cells that die and form hollow tubes to transport water, these tubes also provide support

25
Q

What is glucose converted into during photosynthesis?

A

Sucrose

26
Q

How is sucrose transported around the plant?

A

By stands of living phloem tissue

27
Q

What is transpiration?

A

The loss of water from a leaf pulls dissolved mineral salts up through the xylem from the roots

28
Q

What is sampling?

A

Looking at a small portion of an area or population

29
Q

What is different about random sampling?

A

Every area has a chance of being selected

30
Q

What is a pooter?

A

A pot with two plastic tubes which is used to catch small invertebrates

31
Q

What is a sweep net?

A

A nest with holes to catch invertebrates in long grass

32
Q

What is a pitfall trap?

A

A hole with a cover on top designed to catch small animal

Biology (3 decks)

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