B2 Organisation Combined Science Flashcards

1
Q

What is a tissue?

A

A group of specialised cells that work together.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is an organ?

A

A group of tissues working together.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is an enzyme?

A

A biological catalyst (a protein that speeds up reactions in the body).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What enzyme breaks down starch?

A

Amylase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What enzyme breaks down proteins?

A

Protease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What enzyme breaks down fats?

A

Lipase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the 2 functions of bile?

A

Emulsifies fats, neutralises stomach acid.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the products of digestion of starch?

A

glucose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the products of digestion of protein?

A

amino acids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the products of digestion of fats?

A

fatty acids and glycerol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Why are enzymes so specific?

A

The shape of their active site matches the shape of their substrate (lock and key model).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What 2 factors cause the active site of an enzyme to change shape?

A

Temperature increase, pH increase OR decrease.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What happens to an enzyme at high temperatures?

A

It denatures (active site changes shape).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the test for starch?

A

iodine turns blue/black

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the test for sugars?

A

benedicts (heated) turns orange

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the test for protein?

A

biurets turns purple

17
Q

What is the test for fats?

A

Sudan III - you see a red layer

18
Q

What are the 4 components of the blood?

A

red blood cells, white blood cells, plasma, platelets.

19
Q

Name the upper and lower chambers of the heart.

A

Upper ? Atria, Lower ? ventricles

20
Q

What are the adaptations of capillaries?

A

1 cell thick

21
Q

What are the adaptations of arteries?

A

elastic walls

22
Q

What are the adaptations of veins?

A

valves to prevent back flow

23
Q

What are the structures in the lungs where the actual gas exchange happens?

24
Q

How is oxygen transported in the blood?

A

In red blood cells attached to haemoglobin.

25
What is a) on this leaf diagram and give the function of this tissue.
a) epidermis. Has waxy cuticle to prevent water loss
26
What is b) on this leaf diagram and give the function of this tissue.
b) palisade. has chloroplasts for photosynthesis
27
What is c) on this leaf diagram and give the function of this tissue.
c) Xylem. Dead cells no ends for transport of water (transpiration). And Phloem. Hollow cells with holes in ends transport of dissolved sugars etc.(translocation).
28
What is d) on this leaf diagram and give the function of this tissue.
d) guard cells. controls the opening and closing of the stomata
29
What is e) on this leaf diagram and give the function of this tissue.
e) stomata. hole in bottom of leaf for gases and water to pass in and out.
30
What is f) on this leaf diagram and give the function of this tissue.
spongy mesophyll layer. lots of gaps for gases to pass though.