B1 Cell Biology Combined Science Flashcards
What is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
Prokaryotic cells have no membrane bound organelles (e.g. nucleus).
Name 5 common features of a plant and animal cell.
Cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, mitochondria, ribosomes.
What is the function of the mitochondria?
Site of respiration where energy is released.
What is the function of the ribosomes?
Where proteins are made.
What do plant cells have that animal cells don?t have?
Cell wall, vacuole, chloroplasts.
What is a specialised cell?
A cell that is adapted to perform particular job.
How is a plant?s root hair cell adapted?
They absorb water and so have hairs to increase their surface area. (no chloroplasts ? they are underground!)
What is meant if an image has a high resolution?
It means that it has more detail
What is 1 260 000 as standard form?
1.26 x 10^6
What are genes?
Sections of DNA on a chromosome
What is mitosis?
When cells divide to make 2 identical cells
What is meiosis?
When cells divide to make 4 sex cells (gametes) with half the number of chromosomes.
What is diffusion?
The movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
What is osmosis?
The movement of WATER from an area of high WATER concentration to an area of low WATER concentration.
What is active transport?
The movement of substances AGAINST the concentration (low to high) gradient so it needs ENERGY.
