B2 OPC Flashcards
Golfers elbow
overuse of flexors
pain at medial epicondyle
worsen with rersisted wrist flexion
De Quervain Tenosynovitis
Abductor Pollicis Longus & Extensor Pollicis Longus tendons
pain/swell base thumb
hard to move thumb with grasping
Finkelstein test for passive
Eichoff test for patient
Osteoarthritis
asymmetric
hip, knee, DIP, PIIP
wear/tear
worse after activity
Heberden Node @DIP
Bouchard node @PIP
rheumatoid arthritis
symmetric
MCP, PIP, hips, elbow, spine
worse after rest
swan neck deform (flex MCP/PIP, ext PIP)
Boutoniiere deform (ext MCP/DIP, flex PIP)
Ulnar deviation MCP
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
median nerve entrap
parasthesia of 3.5 digits, palmar weak
Tinel tap test
prayer test
tunnel made from tubercles of scaphoid/trapezium & pisiform/hook hammate
posteror radial head dysfunction
prefer pronation
restrict supination
due to fall on pronated arm
anterior radial head dysfunction
prefer supination
restrict pronation
due to fall on supinated arm
subdeltiod joint injury
potential impinge of rotator cuff
tendon of supraspinatur pass beneath
Thoracic inlet
T1, 1st rib, manubrium
viscera, vascular, nerves, Sibon Fascia
does not have a syndrome
Thoracic outlet
scapula, 1st rib, clavicle
subcalvian artery, subclavian vein, brachial plexus
Thoracic outlet syndrome
AC joint separations
Grade 1: strain of AC ligament
Grade 2: rupture AC ligament
Grade 3: rupture AC & coracoclavicular ligaments
XRAY with weight
most dislocate anterior
Iliopsoas syndrome
runner, dancer, jumpers, people sit a lot
groin pain, lumbosacral paiin, catch/slip groin with knee flexion, pain with transition sit to stand
can cause side bending, don’t like extension
piriformis syndrome
if hypertonic can impinge sciatic nerve
numbness, tingle, pain back of leg and foot
like externa rotation
SCFE
weakness of growth plate, femur slips off joint or completely slide off
most common overweight boys especially if spoirt with jumping
developmental dysplasia
unlevel ossification center of hip joints
Barlow test causes break (int rotate)
Ortolani test brings into orignial position/ fix dislocation (ext rotate)
treat with straps or SPIKA
Tibial rotation
examine seat & supine
thumb lateral to midline then external rotate
thumb medial to midline internal rotate
Shin Splints
traction causes inflammation of tib anterior on tibia & interosseous membrane
tibialis posterior & soleus
pain along distal tibia with running
may have flat feet ir tight achilles
Parameniscal/Baker Cyst
meniscal tear make one way valve for synovial fluid
semimembranous & gastrocnemius medial head
from truma, lock joint, knee mass in popliteal
Osgood Schlatter
during growth periods
traction on apophysitis of tibial tubercle before fuse
pain anterior of knee
prepatellar bursitis
from pressure on bursa
people who kneel a lot like gardners/prayers
patellofemoral syndrome
could be due to damage undersurface patella
due to weakness of vastus medialis
diffuse pain, palpable crepitus, maltracking
O’Donoghue Triad
injury to ACL, MCL, Medial meniscus
from forced flexion and abduction of knee with foot omn ground
Sprain
injury to ligament
strain
injury to tendon
common ankle sprain
most happen in supination with posterior fibular head (most to least common sprain)
anterio talofibular
calcaneofibular
popsterior talofibular
resist eversion
pronation ankle sprain
least common
sprains deltoid ligament
resist inversion
Talar tilt test
laxity of anterior talofibular and calcaneofibular (lateral ligament)
eversion stress test
laxity of deltoid ligament (medial ligament)
1st degree ankle sprain
good strength, no tear, no laxity, minimal swell, normal weight bear
2nd degree ankle sprain
decrease strength, partial tear, mild/moderate laxity, moderate swell, mild pain with weight bear
3rd degree ankle sprain
no strength, complete tear, severe laxity, severe swell, severe pain with weight bear
Ottawa Rules - Ankle
only need xray if pain with malleolus & 1 of:
- bone tender at tip of lateral malleolus
- bond tender at tip of medial malleolus
- inability to bear weight (not just unwilling)
Ottawa Rules - Foot
only need xray if pain in midfoot & 1 of:
- bone tender base 5th metacarpal
- bone tender navicular
- inability to bear weight (not just unwilling)
Transverse arch of foot
navicular, 3 cuneiforms, cubois, base of metatarsal
medial longitudinal arch of foot
calcaneus, talus, navicular, 3 cuneiforms, 1-3 metatarsals
lateral longitudinal arch of foot
calcaneus, cuboid, 4 & 5 metatarsals
navicular dysfunction
from poor arch support with weight bearing
flat of medial arch with pain
cuboid dysfunction
cuboid drop inferior/ext rtoate
plantar tender, 4/5 metatarsal pain, prominent cuboid inferior
motion restrict 5th metatarsal-cuboid, cuboid-calcaneal joint
Plantar Fasciitis
heel pain worse in morning
from overstretch fascia, calcaneal spur, dysfunction medial longitudinal arch
treat with stretching of foot/achilles
