B2 - Enzymes

Question 1

Carbohydrase

Answer 1

An enzyme that** breaks large carbohydrate molecules into small components that can pass into blood.**

Question 2

Amylase

Answer 2

An example of a carbohydrase. Breaks long chains of starch molecules into the simple sugar, maltose.

Question 3

Where is amylase produced?

Answer 3

In the small intestine, pancreas and salivary glands.

Question 4

Maltose

Answer 4

A simple sugar made of two glucose sub-units.
It is broken down in the small intestine into glucose molecules by the enzyme, maltase.

Question 5

Protease

Answer 5

An enzyme that catalysed the breakdown of protein molecules into their individual amino acids. They can be used to create new proteins. An example is Pepsin.

Question 6

Where is protease produced?

Answer 6

In the stomach, pancreas and small intestine.

Question 7

Lipase

Answer 7

They catalyse the breakdown of fatty or oily molecules called lipids into their component parts, glycerol and fatty acids.

Question 8

What enzyme do glycerol and fatty acids belong to?

Answer 8

Lipase

Question 9

What enzyme do amino acids belong to?

Answer 9

Protease

Question 10

What is a protien made of?

Answer 10

Chains of mino acids

Question 11

Optimum pH

Answer 11

the pH value at which an enzyme can work best

Question 12

What is a catalyst?

Answer 12

A substance that speeds up chemical reactions

Question 13

What is an enzyme?

Answer 13

A protein that acts like a biological catalyst

Question 14

What are enzymes made out of?

Answer 14

Protiens

Question 15

Explain the lock and key theory

Answer 15

The lock and key theory is a theory that an enzyme has a specific active site (lock) that only fits with its complimentary substrate (key).

Question 16

What are the main nutrient groups?

Answer 16

• Carbohydrtaes
• Lipids
• Protiens

Question 17

Describe the process of how an enzyme works.

Answer 17

1. The substrate finds its complimentary active site
2. The substrate and enzyme join together to create and enzyme-substrate complex. This lowers the activation energy of the reaction and promotes rapid progeression
3. The stubstrate releases itself from the enzymes active site and splits into two, creating two products

Question 18

What happens if an enzyme gets too cold?

Answer 18

There will be a loss of enzyme activity (won’t have enough energy to collide and react)

Question 19

What will happen if an enyzme gets too hot?

Answer 19

The enzyme will denature

Question 20

Denature

Answer 20

The shape of their active site changes, so its once complimentary substrate cannot join with it anymore.