B1 - Cell Structure Flashcards
Eukaryotic cell
A cell that contains a nucleus
Example of a eukaryotic cell?
- Plant cell
- Animal cell
Prokaryotic cell
A cell without a nucleus
Example of a prokaryotic cell?
- Bacterial cells
- Red blood cells
What does a plant cell have that an animal cell doesn’t?
Cell wall, chloroplasts, permanent vacuole
How does an animal cell differentiate from a plant cell?
It doesn’t contain:
* a cell wall
* a permanent vacuole
* chloroplasts
Cell membrane
Decides what goes in and out of the cell
Cytoplasm
Liquid gel where most chemical reactions of the cell takes place
Nucleus
Controls the activities of the cell and contains genetic material
Mitochondria
Where respiration takes place. Needed for energy in the cell
Ribosome
Where protiensynthesis occurs
Cell wall
Strengthens and provides support to the cell. Made of cellulose
Chloroplasts
Absorbs light to make glucose by photosynthesis
(Permanent) Vacuole
Permanent in Permanent vacuole is specfically used with plant cells
- Filled with cell sap
- Helps to keep the cell rigid
What does a bacterial cell have that most cells do not?
- Flagellum
- Molecule of circular DNA
- Plasmids
Sperm cell function
To carry genetic infromation from the male through the female reporductive tract to fertilise the egg cell
Sperm cell adaptations
-
Streamlined head for faster movement
* Acrosome contains enzymes to break down the outer lining of the egg cell - Flagellum
Why does a sperm cell have lots of mitochondria?
To release large ammounts of energy to fuel the flagellum
Neurone function
To carry electircal impules through the body to the brain
Neurone adaptation
- Axon
- Dendrites
- Myelin sheath
Muscle cell function
To enable movement of the body through its connection to the skeletal system
Muscle cell adaptatons
Filament bundles to contract
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribonuclaic acid
