B2- digestion

Question 1

what are the 3 main nutrients the body needs?

Answer 1

• carbohydrates
• lipids
• proteins

Question 2

what is the major function of carbs?

Answer 2

Source of energy, glucose is the main respiratory substrate

Question 3

what are the major sources of carbs?

Answer 3

Starch: potatoes, rice and wheat products, bread, cereals and pasta. Sugars: fruit, smoothies, fizzy drinks, chocolate and sweets

Question 4

what is the major function of protein?

Answer 4

Growth and repair

Question 5

what is the major sources of protein?

Answer 5

Meat, eggs, cheese, beans, nuts and seeds

Question 6

what is the major function of lipids?

Answer 6

Energy, make up part of cell membranes so essential for normal growth

Question 7

what is the major sources of lipids?

Answer 7

Butter and margarine, meat and processed meat, plant oils, oily fish, nuts and seeds

Question 8

what is cellulose made up of?

Answer 8

glucose molecules

Question 9

what are carbs made up of?

Answer 9

sugar and starches

Question 10

what are proteins made up of?

Answer 10

amino acids

Question 11

what are lipids made up of?

Answer 11

fatty acids and glycerol

Question 12

what is the food test you use to detect sugars?

Answer 12

benedicts test

Question 13

what is the food test to detect starch?

Answer 13

adding iodine to a potato

Question 14

what is the food test to detect proteins?

Answer 14

the biurets test

Question 15

what is the food test to detect lipids?

Answer 15

the sudan test

Question 16

what is the role of the mouth in digestion?

Answer 16

Begins the digestion of carbohydrates

Question 17

what is the role of the stomach in digestion?

Answer 17

Begins the digestion of protein; small molecules such as alcohol absorbed

Question 18

what is the role of the small intestine in digestion?

Answer 18

completes the digestion of carbohydrates and proteins into single sugars and amino acids; absorption of single sugars, amino acids and fatty acids and glycerol

Question 19

what is the role of the large intestine in digestion?

Answer 19

Absorption of water; egestion of undigested food

Question 20

what speeds up chemical reactions in the body?

Answer 20

enzymes

Question 21

what are the 2 factors that can effect enzyme action?

Answer 21

• temperature

- PH

Question 22

what enzyme breaks down carbs?

Answer 22

carbohydrase

Question 23

what does carbs break down into?

Answer 23

simple sugars

Question 24

what enzyme breaks down starch?

Answer 24

amylase

Question 25

what does starch break down into?

Answer 25

glucose

Question 26

what enzyme breaks down proteins?

Answer 26

protease

Question 27

what does protein break down into?

Answer 27

amino acids

Question 28

what enzyme breaks down lipids?

Answer 28

lipase

Question 29

what do lipids break down into?

Answer 29

fatty acids and glycerol

Question 30

what does the liver produce?

Answer 30

bile