B2 - Cells Flashcards
What is the function of the nucleus?
The control centre of the cell which contains the genes in the chromosomes.
What is the function of the mitochondria?
Respiration happens here. Oxygen is used.
What is the function of the cytoplasm?
It is a liquid gel where enzymes control the chemical reactions needed for life.
What is the function of the ribosomes?
Manufacture proteins from amino acids.
What is the function of the cell membrane?
To control the passage of substances into and out of the cell.
What is the function of the cell wall?
It is made of cellulose. Strengthens and supports the cell.
What is the function of the chloroplasts?
They contain chlorophyll. Photosynthesis occurs here.
What is the function of the permanent vacuole?
It is a space in the cell filled with sap to keep the cell rigid and supports the plant. It contains sugars and salts?
What are all living things made up from?
Cells.
What are the cell features of bacteria?
It has a loop of DNA. It has a cell membrane. It has a cell wall. It has ribosomes.
What are the cell features of yeast?
It has a cell wall. It has a cell membrane. It has mitochondria. It has ribosomes. It has a nucleus.
Describe a bacteria.
It reproduces by splitting in two every 20 minutes. It is often covered in slime. It releases toxins. It has plasmids which are small, circular bits of DNA which contain extra information. It often has flagella to help it move around.
Describe yeast.
Yeast reproduce by asexual budding. They are specialised to survive for long periods even with little oxygen as they can perform anaerobic respiration. Anaerobic respiration is useful for making wine and beer with yeast as it produces ethanol.
How is a sperm cell specialised for it’s job?
It has lots of mitochondria so it can release lots of energy from respiration.
It has a tail so it can swim strongly to the egg.
How is a root hair cell specialised?
It has a hair like stucture which increases it’s surface area so it can absorb more water and minerals.
It has no chloroplasts as it is underground and doesn’t absorb sunlight.
How is a red blood cell specialised?
It has no nucleus to give it more space to carry oxygen.
It is in a bi-concave disk shape to give it a greater surface area so it can carry more oxygen.
