B2 Cells Flashcards
What is the function of the nucleus?
It contains genetic material (chromosomes of DNA) and controls activity of the cell
What is the function of the cell wall?
Supports the cell
What is the function on the cytoplasm?
Site where most chemical process take place
What is the function of chloroplasts?
Contain chlorophyll to conduct photosynthesis
What is the function of the vacuoles?
It is filled with cell sap to keep the cell turgid
What is the function of the cell membrane?
Controls movement of substances in and out of cells
What is the function of ciliated cells and their adaptations?
Push and move mucus from one place to another.
Have ‘cilia’ which are like tiny hairs to allow mucus to move easily.
What is the function of root hair cells and their adaptations?
Absorb water and minerals.
Are long and thin to increase surface area and rate of diffusion
What is the function of palisade mesophyll cells and their adaptations?
Where majority of photosynthesis takes place.
Has a lot of chloroplasts.
What is the function of red blood cells and their adaptations?
Carry oxygen
No nucleus to increase space for oxygen
What is the function of sperm cells and their adaptations?
Fertilize egg cell to create genetic material
Long tail for swimming
What is the function of egg cells and their adaptations?
Join with male cell and provide nutrients for the embryo
Lots of cytoplasm
How do you calculate the magnification of biological specimens with & without a microscope?
With: eyepiece lens x objective lens
Without: drawing size ÷ object size
What is diffusion?
It is the net movement of particles from a region of high concentration to low concentration down a concentration gradient.
What is osmosis?
It is the net movement of water molecules from a region of high water potential to low water potential through a partially permeable membrane.
Where does diffusion and osmosis happen in cells?
Cell membrane
What factors affect diffusion?
Temperature, surface area, distance, concentration gradient
What does it mean when a cell is turgid?
When water gets inside the cell and into the vacuole so the vacuole expands
What does it mean when a cell is normal?
When water gets in and out a cell regularly so the vacuole stays normal
What does it mean when a cell is flaccid?
When water gets out of the cell so the vacuole contracts
What does it mean when a cell is plasmolyzed?
When so much water gets out of the vacuole so the cell membrane contracts
What is a hypertonic solution?
Lower water potential - more solute
What is a hypotonic solution?
Higher water potential - less solute
What is an isotonic solution?
Same solute
Which cell is turgid, flaccid, normal and plasmolyzed?
Why is osmosis important in the uptake of water by plants?
Plants rely on osmosis to obtain water through their roots. Since they have a cell wall, if too much water is taken in, it will become turgid.
Why is osmosis important in the uptake of water by animal cells?
If placed in pure water, the cells will burst since they don’t have a cell wall for support.
