B2- Cell Division Flashcards
What are a pair of chromosomes called
Homologises pairs. One from each parent
How many paris pf chromosomes are there in the nucleus
23
What is a gene
A gene is a section of a chromosome
What is DNA
Deoxyribonucleic acid.
Double helix structure (twisted ladders)
This is the genetic code for every living thing
The rung of each ladder is called a base
What is mitosis important for
Divides to form an identical cell
What is differentiation
As cells take on specific jobs they become ‘specialised’. The process by which this happens is called differentiation.
What is a zygote
The single cell that is created when a sperm and egg fuse.
What is an embryo
The ball of cells created from the zygote dividing
The embryo contains undifferentiated cells that have not been specialised yet
What is a blastcypocyst
The blastocyst is a structure formed in the early development of mammals. It possesses an inner cell mass (ICM) which subsequently forms the embryo.
What is a stem cell
A undifferentiated cell
Where can stem cells be found in a human and plant
Liver and meristems
