B1c Part 2 Staying Healthy

Question 1

Antibodies

Answer 1

Produced by white blood cells
Each different type of antigen causes a different type of antibody to be produced
Antibody can only bind to antigen that cause it to be produced
Antibodies lock onto the antigens leading to death of the pathogen

Question 2

Antigens

Answer 2

On the surface of micro organisms

Question 3

Antivirals

Answer 3

Drugs that destroy viruses

Question 4

Immunisation

Answer 4

Provides immunity

Question 5

Immunity

Answer 5

Unable to be one infected

Question 6

Placebos

Answer 6

A pill with no active ingredient

Question 7

Toxins

Answer 7

Harm the body

Question 8

Vaccine

Answer 8

The drug in immunisation

Question 9

Memory cells

Answer 9

Remember the correct antibody

Question 10

Life story of a pathogen

Answer 10

Enters body(direct/indirect contact)
Reproduces-makes toxins- destroy body cells- feel unwell
Immune system-mounts on attack

Question 11

Destroying pathogens

Answer 11

Engulfed by wbc

Destroyed by antibodies

Question 12

How do wbc get rid of bacterium

Answer 12

Bacterium has antigens molecules on surface
Wbc release antibodies
Antibodies lock onto antigens
Bacteria are clumped together
Wbc surround clumped bacteria and engulf them

Question 13

Describe immunisation

Answer 13

Harmless pathogen given which carries antigens

Antigens trigger immune response by wbc which produce antibodies

Immunity remains (memory cells PRODUCED)
Side affects(high temperature, feeling ill...)

Question 14

Delayed response

Answer 14

Few days to produce enough antibodies to destroy pathogen

Delay between infection and feeling better

But immune response is quicker caus wbc memory cells recognise the pathogen

Question 15

Active immunity

Answer 15

Slower but longer lasting

You make your own antibodies

Question 16

Passive immunity

Answer 16

Given antibiotics

Fast acting but lasts short time

Question 17

Overuse of antibiotics

Answer 17

Increase number of resistant forms of the bacteria (MRSA- superbug)

Question 18

Drug testing

Answer 18

Safe?
Work?

On animals, human tissue, computer models,volunteers (some have real drug- some have placeboknown to have no effect)
Blind trial-volunteers don’t know if they have the drug
Double blind trial-volunteers and doctor don’t know if they have the drug

Question 19

Antibiotics

Answer 19

Drugs that kill bacteria