B1a Part 2 Fitness and Health

Question 1

Haemoglobin

Answer 1

Red pigment found in red blood cells

Question 2

Nicotine

Answer 2

Addictive substance in cigarettes

Question 3

Plaques

Answer 3

Build up of a substance

Question 4

Saturated fat

Answer 4

From animal fats

Question 5

Thrombosis

Answer 5

A blood clot

Question 6

Explain the effects of high cholesterol

Answer 6

It can form deposits called plaques on the side of arteries

This can reduce or block blood flow

Question 7

If the coronary artery becomes blocked by a cholesterol plaque…

Answer 7

It will prevent blood flow to part of the heart muscle
Those muscle cells will not receive oxygen and glucose and will die
This is heart disease
Can lead to a heart attack

Question 8

Thrombosis- clotting of blood

Answer 8

Causing blockage
Most common type is DVT
(Deep vein thrombosis )

Question 9

Smoking

Answer 9

Nicotine=drug=stimulant
-heart beats faster
-blood vessels narrower
Cigarette smoke -contains carbon monoxide
-reduces oxygen carrying capacity of red blood cells
-CO binds with Haemoglobin easier than oxygen
-heart rate increases to compensate which increases blood pressure and puts extra stress on heart

Question 10

Cholesterol

Answer 10

A type of fat