B1.4 Specialisation (Animal Cells)

Question 1

What is specialisation?

Answer 1

Cells develop to perform particular functions

Question 2

What so nerve cells do?

Answer 2

Carry electrical impulses around the body

Question 3

What do muscle cells do?

Answer 3

Contract and relax to enable movement
Striated muscle cells - enable body to move (e.g bicep)
Smooth muscle cells - move food along the gut

Question 4

What do sperm cells do?

Answer 4

Carry genetic information from male parent

Question 5

How are nerve cells specialised?

Answer 5

Many dendrites to make connections
Axon to carry the impulse
Synapses to pass impulses by producing neurotransmitter chemicals
Many mitochondria in the synapses to release the energy needed to make the neurotransmitter chemicals

Question 6

How are muscle cells specialised?

Answer 6

Special proteins that slide over each other
Many mitochondria to transfer energy needed for chemical reactions
A glycogen store that can be broken down and used in respiration

Question 7

How are sperm cells specialised?

Answer 7

Long tail for movement
Many mitochondria to transfer energy
An acrosome to store digestive enzymes to break down the outer layers of the egg
Large nucleus to contain genetic information