B1.1 Cell Level Systems Flashcards
Define magnification
How much larger a displayed image is compared with the original object
Define resolution
The ability to distinguish between two points
Why is staining used?
- Some specimens are colourless
- It is useful to highlight different structures
- It increases contrast
What is the formula to calculate image size from magnification and actual size?
(The I AM formula)
Image size = Actual Size x Magnification
How do you calculate total magnification?
Total magnification =
Eyepiece magnification x Objective lens magnification
How is a light microscope set up?
Place the specimen on a slide, cover it with a cover slip, illuminate with a lamp and view using the eyepiece
State 5 parts of an animal cell
Nucleus, cytoplasm, mitochondria, ribosomes and the cell membrane
State 2 functions of the nucleus
- Controls the cell
- Contains genetic material - found in the form of chromosomes
State the function of the cytoplasm
It is where most of the cell’s chemical reactions take place
State the function of mitochondria
They are the site of aerobic respiration
State the function of ribosomes
They are the site of protein synthesis
State 3 organelles only found in plant cells
- Cellulose cell wall
- Permanent vacuole
- Chloroplasts
What is the function of the cell wall and what is it made of?
It provides strength and support. It is made of cellulose
What is the function of the permanent vacuole and what does it contain?
It supports the cell and contains cell sap (a solution of sugars and salts)
What is the function of chloroplasts?
They are the site of photosynthesis
