B1.1

Question 1

Inferior

Answer 1

Below of further away from the head

Question 2

Superior

Answer 2

Above or nearer to the head

Question 3

Proximal

Answer 3

Nearer to where a limb attaches to the body

Question 4

Anterior

Answer 4

In front or nearer to the front

Question 5

Posterior

Answer 5

Behind or nearer to the back

Question 6

Internal

Answer 6

Located inside or further away from the surface

Question 7

External

Answer 7

Located on or near the surface

Question 8

Lateral

Answer 8

Further away from the midline of the body

Question 9

Medial

Answer 9

Closer to the midline of the body

Question 10

Axial component

Answer 10

80 bones e.g skull, ribs, sternum and vertebral column
- main function is to provide protection

Question 11

Appendicular component

Answer 11

126 bones e.g femur, clavicle, humerus, pelvis etc
- main function is to provide movement

Question 12

Functions of the skeleton (4)

Answer 12

1. Protect vital organs - the ribcage surrounds the heart and lungs
2. Support/posture - framework for the body and the vertebral bones get bigger as you move down to be more supportive
3. provide attachemtn points for muscles - muscles are attached from one bone to another via tendons when they contrct , they pull on the bones causing morments at joints
4. Store energy - lipids are stored in yellow bone marrow, which is located inside long bones

Question 13

Vertebral Column

Answer 13

Cervical vertebrae
Thoracic vertebrae
Lumbar vertebrae
Sacral vertebrae
Coccygeal vertebrae

Question 14

Frontal plane

Answer 14

Front to back - Sagittal axis

Question 15

Sagittal plane

Answer 15

Side to side - Frontal axis

Question 16

Transverse plane

Answer 16

Top to bottom - Longitudinal axis

Question 17

Motion in the sagittal plane (2)

Answer 17

Flexion: closing of the joint angle
Extension: opening of the joint angle

Question 18

Motion in the frontal plane (2)

Answer 18

Abduction: opening of the joint angle
Adduction: closing of the joint angle

Question 19

Motion in the transverse plane (1)

Answer 19

Lateral rotation: moving bone moves towards the lateral aspect of the body

Question 20

What is elevation?

Answer 20

Lifting/moving up e.g shoulders

Question 21

What is depression?

Answer 21

Dropping/moving down e.g shoulders

Question 22

What is protraction?

Answer 22

Moving forwards and out e.g shoulders towards your chest

Question 23

What is retraction?

Answer 23

Moving backwards and in e.g shoulders moving back

Question 24

What is pronation?

Answer 24

Rotaion of the radioulnar joint (palms down)

Question 25

What is supination?

Answer 25

Roataion of the radioulnar joint (palms up)

Question 26

What is opposition?

Answer 26

Movment of the thumb across the palm

Question 27

What is reposition?

Answer 27

Returning the thumb to its anatomical position

Question 28

What is eversion?

Answer 28

Rotation of the ankle joint (outwards)

Question 29

What is inversion?

Answer 29

Rotation of the ankle joint (inwards)