B10- the human nervous system Flashcards

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1
Q

what is a neurone?

A

Nerve cell; specialised to transmit electrical impulses

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2
Q

Sensory neurone

A

The nerve cell that transmits electrical impulses from receptors in the sense organs to the CNS.

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3
Q

motor neurone

A

The nerve cell that carries electrical impulses from the CNS to effectors

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4
Q

Relay neurone

A

The nerve cell that transmits electrical impulses from sensory neurones to motor neurones

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5
Q

stimulus

A

any change in the environment

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6
Q

receptor

A

Organ that detects a change in the environment

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7
Q

Effector

A

muscles or glands, which bring about response which restore optimum levels

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8
Q

central nervous system

A

the brain and spinal cord

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9
Q

reflex

A

Automatic and rapid response to a stimulus.

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10
Q

synapse

A

A tiny gap between 2 nerves in which the impulse must pass

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11
Q

what is the order?

A

stimulus ->receptor->coordinator->effector->response

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12
Q

reflex actions

A

are automatic and rapid, do not involve the conscious part of the brain

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13
Q

give two ways un which a reflex action is different from an action controlled by hormones

A

a reflex action is rapid as it involves the unconscious part of your brain
reflex action involves electrical impulses whereas hormones involve chemicals

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14
Q

explain the reflex arc

A

1)Receptor in the skin detects a stimulus (the change in temperature).
2)Sensory neuron sends electrical impulses to a relay neuron, which is located in the spinal cord of the CNS. Relay neurons connect sensory neurons to motor neurons.
3)Motor neuron sends electrical impulses to an effector.
4)Effector produces a response (muscle contracts to move the hand away).

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