B10 The human nervous system Flashcards
Effectors
Muscles or glands that bring about a response
Receptors
Cells that detect changes in the enviroment
Stimuli
Changes in the enviroment
Coordination Centres
Areas that receive and process information. They coordinate a response.
What does the Hypothalamus do
Regulates body tempreture
What does the Pituitary gland do
Regulates water content of the body
What does the Pancrease do
Regulates blood glucose concentration
Reflex action
A rapid and automatic response with no thought needed
Synapses
The gap between neurones
How do synapses work
-Neurones are not joined together
-When electric signal reaches the end of neurone, it cannot cross the gap
-Chemical called neurotransmitters are realised due to the electricity and via diffusion move across the gap
-Once on other cell membrane, generates new electric signal to carry on
B10.1 : Controlling internal conditions : Homeostasis def
The regulation of the internal conditions of a cell or organism to maintain optimum conditions for the functionality in response to internal and external changes
B10.1 : Controlling internal conditions : Three internal conditions that are controlled
-Body temperature
-Blood glucose concentration
-Water content of the body
B10.1 : Controlling internal conditions : Body temperature control pathway
Stimuli (Change in temperature) => receptors in the skin => co-ordination centre (the Hypothalamus) => effectors (sweat glands, muscles to shiver, vasoconstriction/dilation)
B10.1 : Controlling internal conditions : Water content of body control pathway
Stimuli (change in water content of the body) => receptors in the brain => co-ordination centre (the pituitary gland) => effectors (kidney, change urine concentration)
B10.1 : Controlling internal conditions : Blood glucose concentration control pathway
Stimuli (change in blood glucose) => receptors in the pancreas => co-ordination centre (pancreas) => effector (liver - stores (as glycogen) or realises glucose)
