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Biology > B10 - Nervous System > Flashcards

B10 - Nervous System Flashcards

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1
Q

What is homeostasis?

A

It is the regulation of the internal conditions of a cell or organism to maintain optimum conditions for function in response to external and internal changes

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2
Q

What are 3 things controlled by homeostasis in the body?

A
  • Body temperature
  • Body water content
  • Blood Glucose level
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3
Q

What are receptors?

A

Cells that detect changes in the internal or external enviroment

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4
Q

What are coordination centres?

A

Areas that recieve or process information from receptors

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5
Q

What are effectors?

A

Muscles or glands that bring about change based on stimulus recieved

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6
Q

What are sensory nuerons?

A

They carry impulses from recievers to the CNS (Central Nueral System)

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7
Q

What is the CNS in the body?

A

Brain and spinal chord

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8
Q

What does the CNS do?

A

It processes the impulse and sends it through the motor nueronons to the effector

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9
Q

What are the main parts of a nueron?

A

Cell body, nueron fibre, nuerone ending

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10
Q

What are reflex actions?

A

They are automatic, rapid action that don’t invole consious parts of the brain

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11
Q

What is the synapse?

A

It is the space between nuerons that is bridged by the diffusion of chemicals released by the nueron

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12
Q

What is a relay nueron?

A

It is a nueron in the spinal chord used in reflex actions

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13
Q

What is the function of the medulla?

A

Controlls unconscious activities like the heartbeat or breathing

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14
Q

What is the function of the cerebellum?

A

Coordinating muscular activity and balance

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15
Q

What is the function of the cerebral cortex?

A
  • Consciousness
  • intellegence
  • Memory
  • language
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16
Q

What is the function of the Iris?

A

It is the coloured part of the eye that controls the size of the pupil

17
Q

What is the function of the cornea?

A

It refracts light into the lense

18
Q

What is the function of the retina?

A

Contains light receptors which transmit information to the brain

19
Q

How does the eye accomodate from distance?

A
  • Suspensory ligaments tense
  • Cillary muscles relax
  • Lense becomes thinner - reducing the angle of refraction
20
Q

How does the eye accomodate from up close?

A
  • Suspensory ligaments relax
  • Cillary muscles Contract
  • The lense gets thicker - angle of refraction increases
21
Q

What is short sitedness called?

A

Myopia

22
Q

What is long sitedness called?

A

Hyperopia

23
Q

What are 2 treatments for hyperopia and myopia?

A
  • Contact lenses - add or reduce refraction, correcting the lense
  • Laser eye surgery - reshapes the lense to correct for errors

Biology (11 decks)

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