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IB Bio HL > B1.1 (Lipids) > Flashcards

B1.1 (Lipids) Flashcards

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1
Q

Properties & Functions

Triglyceride

A
  • soild at r.t.p
  • food + synthesis
  • butter, ghee, lard
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2
Q

Properties & Functions

Wax

A
  • high m.p
  • soild at r.t.p
  • surface of leaves
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3
Q

Properties & Functions

Steroids

A
  • four carbon rings that are fused
  • hormone
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4
Q

What is a Triglyceride made up of

A

Glycerol + Three fatty acids

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5
Q

Saturated

A

only single bonds

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6
Q

Unsaturated

A

double or tripple bond

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7
Q

Polysaturated

A

multiple double or triple bonds

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8
Q

Why unsaturated fats have lower melting points

A

Due to the double/triple bond the structure of the fatty acid tilts, causing a less regular arrangement between the chains resulting in less IMF and therefore requireing less energy to be broken

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9
Q

Cis fats

A
  • Hydrogens are on the same side
  • naturally occuring
  • oleic acid (olive oil)
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10
Q

Trans fats

A
  • Hydrogens are on opposite sides
  • artificially produced
  • margarine
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11
Q

How are trans fats produced

A

they are lipids made up of hydrogenated polyunsaturated fats
(which are dangerous as they are considered as bad cholesterol)

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12
Q

Good Cholesterol (HDL)

A
  • high density
  • takes cholesterol away from blood and returns to liver
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13
Q

Bad Cholesterol

A
  • low density
  • stciks to arteries and collects
  • produces plaque and blocks flow
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14
Q

Properties of Lipids

Energy Content

A

more energy per gram than carbohydrates
(37 kJ/g > 17 kJ/g)

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15
Q

Properties of Lipids

Insulation

A

excellent heat insulation

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15
Q

Properties of Lipids

Density

A

less dense than water

16
Q

Properties of Lipids

Solubility

A

non polar

17
Q

Properties of Lipids

Waterproof

A

water insolube

18
Q

importance of fats to endotherms

Endotherms are animals that rely on metabolic reactions to generate heat to maintain a constant internal body temperature

A

It is particularly important to them as it is stored in their adipocytes as liquid droplets

19
Q

Phospholipids

A

Type of lipid molecule that is the main component in the cell membrane

20
Q
A
20
Q

Structures of phsopholipids

A

Micell or Bilayer

21
Q

Amphipathic

A

Any molecule that has both hydrophobic and hydrophilic properties

22
Q

Why the phospholipids bilayer is perfect for membrane strcuture

A

the outer hydrophilic surface can interact with water while the inner hydrophobic surface can allow substanced like steroids to pass through the bilyaer

23
Q
A

IB Bio HL (5 decks)

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