B.1 Enzymes,Respiration,Photosynthesis Flashcards
What is the function of the nucleus?
Controls the cells activities and contains genetic material
What is the function of the mitochondria
Powerhouse of the cell, where respiration takes place
What is the function of the cell wall?
Support and protection
What is the function of ribosomes?
Site of protein synthesis in the cell
What are enzymes?
Biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions without being used in the process
How do enzymes work?
Enzymes work by lowering the activation energy needed for a chemical reaction to occur. They have an active site that binds to a specific substrate.
What is the “lock and key” model?
The “lock and key” model explains how enzymes are specific to a particular substrate
What factors affect enzyme activity?
Temperature, pH, and substrate concentration can affect enzyme activity.
What happens if temperature become too high?
Amino acid chains in the protein start to change shape, enzyme is now denatured as the substrate cannot fit
What is respiration?
Respiration is the process by which cells break down glucose (or other molecules) to release energy in the form of ATP.
What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?
Aerobic respiration requires oxygen and produces a large amount of energy (ATP), while anaerobic respiration does not require oxygen and produces less energy and lactic acid
Write the equation for aerobic respiration.
Glucose + oxygen = CO2 + water + energy
Write the equation for anaerobic respiration
Glucose = lactic acid + energy
What is photosynthesis?
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to produce glucose and oxygen.
Write the equation for photosynthesis.
Carbon dioxide + water = glucose + oxygen
What are the main components needed for photosynthesis?
Light energy (usually from the sun), chlorophyll (in chloroplasts), carbon dioxide, and water
What is the role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis?
Chlorophyll absorbs light energy
