B1 - Cell Biology

Question 1

Describe a prokaryotic cell and give an example
Describe a Prokaryote

Answer 1

Smaller and simpler. Bacterial cell
A prokaryote is a prokaryotic cell (single cell organism)

Question 2

Describe Eukaryotic cells and give an example/s
Describe a Eukaryote

Answer 2

Complex, animal and plant cells and yeast
Organisms that are made up of eukaryotic cells

Question 3

What is the difference between a prokaryote and a eukaryote ( 6 marks)

Answer 3

Pro - smaller and simpler Euk - larger complex
Pro - no mitochondria no chloro - Euk- mito and chloro
Pro - dna freely floats in the cyto Euk - dna contained in nucleus
Pro - binary fission Euk - mitosis

Question 4

State a animal cell’s subcellular structure

Answer 4

Nucleus
Cytoplasm
Cell membrane
Mitochondria
Ribosomes

Question 5

What is the function of the nucleus and cytoplasm?

Answer 5

controls cell activity
gel-like substance, where most chemical reactions happen. Contains enzymes that control the chemical reactions

Question 6

What is the function of the cell membrane and mitochondria?

Answer 6

Holds the cell together and controls what goes in and out
Where most of the reactions for aerobic respiration take place

Question 7

What is the function of the ribosome?
Why is respiration done and where is it done

Answer 7

Where protein synthesis is done
Transfers energy that the cell needs to work
Mitochondria

Question 8

Name a plant cells subcellular structure

Answer 8

Cell wall
Vacuole
Chloroplasts

Question 9

What is the function of the cell wall?
Give an adjective to describe it

Answer 9

Made of cellulose, supports cell and strengthens it
Rigid

Question 10

What is the function of the vacuole?
What is it referred to as?

Answer 10

Contains sell sap, weak solution of sugar and salts
permanent vacuole

Question 11

What is the function of the Chloroplast?

Answer 11

Site of photosynthesis

Question 12

Is a bacterial cell eukaryotic or prokaryotic?
Name a bacterial cells subcellular structure
What are the smalls rings called and what is it made of?

Answer 12

Prokaryotic
Cell membrane
Cytoplasm
Cell wall
Plasmids
DNA

Question 13

Name three things that plant cells have that animal cells do not have

Answer 13

cell wall
chloroplasts
vacuole

Question 14

Difference between plant and bacterial cell? (4 marks)

Answer 14

B cells have no chloroplasts where as.
no mitochondria where as..
No true nucleus - instead a single circular strand of DNA
Bcells have plasmids plant cells dont

Question 15

What is an organelle

Answer 15

Tiny Organ

Question 16

What is the benefit of having DNA housed in a nucleus

Answer 16

Protects the DNA