B1 Flashcards
Give 2 types of proteins and give an example of each type
Proteins are either structural(e.g. Collagen) or functional (e.g.enzymes)
What are genes and where are they found?
Genes are instructions to control how an organism develops and functions and are found in the nucleus of its cell
Give examples of characteristics controlled by genes, by the environment and by both
Some characteristics are determined by genes (e.g. Eye colour, dimples) and some are determined by environmental factors (e.g. Scars, bright pink hair) and some are a combo of both (e.g. Height and weight)
How is eye colour determined? Why is it different to eat love shape?
Many genes are determined by several genes working together
How many chromosomes does a human body cell contain?
46
Why are chromosomes in pairs?
1 chromosome from each paternal and maternal sex cell
How are sex cells different to body cells?
Sex cells have 23 chromosomes and body cells have 46
Why do brothers and sisters look like their parents?
Because they inherit a combination of alleles in the fertilised egg from the paternal and maternal
Why do they look different to one another?
During sexual reproduction genes from both parents come together to make variation
What is an allele?
Different types of the same gene
What sex chromosomes do males have?
Xy
What are female sex chromosomes called
Xx
homozygous alleles are…
2 genes that are the same, an easy way to remember this is homosexual gay
Heterozygous alleles are…
Genes that are different, an easy way to remember this is heterosexual straight
