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b1 Flashcards

1
Q

what are two types of eukaryotic cell?

A

animal and plant

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2
Q

what type of cell are bacteria?

A

prokaryotic

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3
Q

where is DNA found in animal and plant cell?

A

in the nucleus

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4
Q

what is the function in the cell membrane?

A

controls movement of substances in and out of the cell

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5
Q

what is the function of mitochondria?

A

to transfer energy for the cell

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6
Q

what is the function of chloroplasts?

A

contain chlorophyll to absorb light energy for photosynthesis

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7
Q

what is the function of ribosomes?

A

enable production of proteins

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8
Q

what is the function of the cell wall?

A

strengthens and supports the cell

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9
Q

what is the structure of the main genetic material in a prokaryotic cell?

A

single loop of DNA

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10
Q

what is the function of red blood cells?

A

carries oxygen around the body

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11
Q

what is the function of a nerve cell?

A

carries electrical impulses around the body

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12
Q

give 3 adaptations of a red blood cell?

A

no nucleus
contains a red pigment called haemoglobin
has a bi-concave disc shape

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13
Q

what is the function of a nerve cell

A

carries electrical impulses around the body

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14
Q

give 1 adaptations of a nerve cell

A

branched endings

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15
Q

what is the function of a sperm cell

A

fertilize the egg

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16
Q

give 2 adaptations of a sperm cell

A

tail
lots of mitochondria

17
Q

what is the function of a palisade cell

A

carries out photosynthesis on a leaf

18
Q

give 2 adaptations of palisade cell

A

lots of chloroplasts
located at the top surface of the leaf

19
Q

what is the function of a root hair cell

A

absorbs minerals and water from the soil

20
Q

give 2 adaptations of a root hair cell

A

lots of mitochondria
long projections

21
Q

what is diffusion

A

movement of particles from an area of high concentration to low concentration

22
Q

name 3 factors that effect the rate of diffusion

A

concentration gradient
temperature
membrane surface area

23
Q

what is osmosis

A

diffusion of water from a dilute solution to a concentrated solution

24
Q

give 1 example of osmosis in a plant

A

water moves from the soil into the hair root cell

25
Q

what is active transport

A

movement of particles against a concentration gradient

26
Q

why is active transport needed in plant roots

A

concentration of mineral ions in the soil is lower than inside the root hair cell

27
Q

what is the purpose of active transport in the small intestine

A

sugars can be absorbed when the concentration of sugar is in the small intestine is lower than the concentration of sugar in the blood

biology (9 decks)

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