B1

Question 1

how many bonds can carbon form?

Answer 1

4

Question 2

hyrdolysis

Answer 2

the breakiing down of larger substances into smaller ones releasing water as it does it

Question 3

when is hyroysis used and an example

Answer 3

digesting food
- polypeptide + water = ammino acids

Question 4

what is carb nomoculture

Answer 4

when we name carbs; usually as monosaccharies single sugars
oligosaccaridies 3-10 monos
and
polysaccharies 10 plus

they are all made up of carbons attached to other stuff

Question 5

glucose is a

Answer 5

monosaccharide

Question 6

when carbs condense what type of bond forms

Answer 6

glycosyllic

Question 7

alpha glucose OH

Answer 7

both oh on carbon 1 and 4 is facing downwards

Question 8

beta glucose oh

Answer 8

the oh on carbon one is facing up on carbon 4 is facing down

Question 9

what type of glucose are most living things?

Answer 9

alpha

Question 10

what is an example of beta glucose

Answer 10

cellulose; cellulose microfibrils

Question 11

structure of beta glucose

Answer 11

they can lie flat making them strong ang hydrogen bonds can form wich is why its used in cellulose

Question 12

three properties of glucose

Answer 12

• soluable in water
• releases energy
• stores energy

Question 13

example of disaccardie in humans

Answer 13

lactose wich is sugar in milk good for babies

Question 14

example of disaccaride in plants

Answer 14

sucrose transports suagrs w its polarity

Question 15

example os polypeptide in humans

Answer 15

glycogen stroes energy

Question 16

example os polypeptide in plants

Answer 16

cellulose provides strcture for walls

Question 17

when bonds from 1-4 what is the structure plus an example

Answer 17

• amylose
• a helix spiral

Question 18

when bonds form also on the 1-6 and 1-4 structure plus example

Answer 18

• amylopectin
• a helix spiral with branches

Question 19

glycoproteins plus glycolipids are compounds where the sugar/carb sticks out allowing for what?

Answer 19

cell-to-cell recognition

Question 20

macromolecule :carbohydrates (polysaccharides)

Answer 20

monomer : monosacharides

Question 21

macromolecules : lipids

Answer 21

monomer : fatty acids, glycerol,

Question 22

macromolecules : proteins (polypeptides)

Answer 22

monomer : ammino acids

Question 23

macromolecules : nucelic acids

Answer 23

monomer : nucleotides

Question 24

carbs + polypeptides

Answer 24

glycoproteins

Question 25

what are glycoproteins useful for?

Answer 25

dtermining antigens and stuff like blood group

Question 26

lipids examples ?

Answer 26

- fats - oils - waxes - steroids

Question 27

are lipids none-polar or polar

Answer 27

none-polar

Question 28

are lipids soulable in water

Answer 28

nope they are hydrophilliic

Question 29

triglycerides are made up of what

Answer 29

fatty acids and glycerol

Question 30

what makes up fatty acids

Answer 30

- COOH - hydrocarbon train

Question 31

when lipids bond, when glycerol bonds with fatty acids what bond forms and what process is it

Answer 31

- ester bonds - H20 released so condensation

Question 32

phosphate group is hydrophilic or phobic?

Answer 32

hydrophillic, it's the head

Question 33

the fatty acids are hydrophilic or phobic?

Answer 33

hydrophobic

Question 34

in saturated fatty acids what are the carbon bonds like

Answer 34

single, meaning each has 2 H and its straight

Question 35

in unsaturated what are the carbon bonds like

Answer 35

double, causing a kink or bend

Question 36

saturated acid melting point

Answer 36

higher cus they are closley packed

Question 37

unsaturated acid melting point

Answer 37

lower cus they break easier

Question 38

tryglicerides with mostly unsaturated fats

Answer 38

oils

Question 39

tryglicerides with mostly saturated fats

Answer 39

fats

Question 40

monounsaturated fats double bonds

Answer 40

1

Question 41

polyunsaturated fats double bonds

Answer 41

more than 1

Question 42

steroids are so they can

Answer 42

hydrophobic so they can pass thru the bilayer

Question 43

how many essential amino acids are there

Answer 43

9

Question 44

what parts make up amino acids

Answer 44

- hydrogen atom - amine group -NH - carboxyl group COOH - r group

Question 45

when ammino acids condense, what bond forms?

Answer 45

peptide bond

Question 46

what determines the sequence of amino acids

Answer 46

DNA base sequence

Question 47

olisopeptide

Answer 47

2-10 ammino acids

Question 48

dipeptide

Answer 48

2 ammino acids

Question 49

polypeptide

Answer 49

many amminoacids

Question 50

when proteins dentaure, what has happened

Answer 50

the intermolecular forces between have been vibrated and broken