B1 Flashcards
What is a eukaryotic cell ?
A animal or plant cell
What is a prokaryotic cell ?
Bacteria cells - smaller & simpler
What does the nucleus do ?
Contain DNA & control the cell
What is cytoplasam ?
Gel-like substance where most chemical reactions happen
What are mitochondria ?
Where cellular respiration happens
What are ribsomes ?
They make proteins
What is a cell membrane ?
Holds the cell togther & controls what goes in & out
What happens in a chloroplast ?
Photosynthesis happens here
What is resolution (of a microscope) ?
How well a microscope distinguishes between 2 points that are close together
What is the difference between an electron microscope and a light microscope ?
Electron microscopes allow us to see smaller things and things in greater detail
What is the equation for total magnification ?
= Eyepiece lens magnification X objective lens magnification
How do you work out magnification (IAM)
magnification = image size / real size
What shape is DNA ?
A double helix
What are the 2 pairs of bases in DNA ?
A & T
C & G
What is the lock & key theory ?
- An enzyme has an active site
- A substrate fits in the active site
- The substrate goes in the active site
- The substrate comes out with 2 products
What are enzymes ?
They make the reaction faster without changing themselves
What is respiration ?
The process of transferring energy from the breakdown of glucose.
How does temprature effect enzymes ?
Enzymes speed up at a higher temprature. But at a certain temprature they being to de-nature
What is the equation for aerobic respiration ?
glucose + oxygen —> carbon dioxide + water
What is the simplified for anaerobic respiration in plants ?
glucose —> ethanol + carbon dioxide
What is the simplified for anaerobic respiration in animals ?
glucose —> lactic acid
What are carbohydrates made up of ?
Simple sugars
What are lipids made up of ?
Fatty acis and glycerol
What is the photosynthesis equation ?
carbon dioxide + water –> glucose + oxygen
How does light intensity impact rate of photosynthesis ?
Not enough light slows the rate of photosynthesis
How does carbon dioxide impact the rate of photosynthesis ?
Too little carbon dixoide slows it
