B: Energy

Question 1

What are internal forces within an object?

Answer 1

Forces including tension, compression, shear, and torsion

Internal forces are those that act within the object itself.

Question 2

What are external forces?

Answer 2

Forces including applied force, friction, and elastic or spring force

External forces act on an object from outside.

Question 3

How do external forces affect internal forces?

Answer 3

External forces cause internal forces within an object

This interaction can lead to changes in the object’s state.

Question 4

What is an applied force?

Answer 4

A force exerted on an object by a person or another object

Applied forces can initiate movement or change in an object’s state.

Question 5

What is the role of friction forces?

Answer 5

Friction forces oppose the movement of objects upon contact with other objects or surfaces

Friction is critical in determining the motion of objects.

Question 6

Define tension in terms of force.

Answer 6

A force exerted by pulling on a string or rope connected to an object

Tension is a crucial concept in mechanics, especially in systems involving ropes or cables.

Question 7

What is elastic or spring force?

Answer 7

A force exerted on any object in contact with a compressed or stretched elastic object or spring

This force attempts to return the object to its original shape.

Question 8

What does compression refer to?

Answer 8

A force exerted on an object that squeezes, squashes, or compacts the object

Compression forces are significant in structural engineering.

Question 9

What is shear force?

Answer 9

A force that pushes parts of an object in opposite directions, resulting in bending or breaking

Shear forces are important in understanding material failure.

Question 10

What is torsion?

Answer 10

A force that twists an object

Torsion is particularly relevant in the study of beams and shafts.

Question 11

Fill in the blank: External and internal forces can change the ______, ______, or ______ of objects that interact.

Answer 11

shape, size, or position

This highlights the dynamic nature of forces acting on materials.

Question 12

What is plasticity?

Answer 12

A property that leads to permanent changes in an object’s shape

Example: bending a paper lip.

Question 13

What is elasticity?

Answer 13

A property that enables temporary changes in an object’s shape

Example: stretching a rubber band.

Question 14

What is an action force?

Answer 14

A force exerted on an object in a particular direction.

Question 15

What is a reaction force?

Answer 15

A force that acts in the opposite direction of an action force.

Question 16

In an interaction, what does one object experience?

Answer 16

An action force while another object experiences a reaction force.

Question 17

What do changes in an object’s shape depend on?

Answer 17

Its properties.

Question 18

What does Newton’s Third Law state?

Answer 18

For every action force, there is an equal and opposite reaction force.

Question 19

Fill in the blank: Plasticity leads to ______ changes in an object’s shape.

Answer 19

permanent

Question 20

Fill in the blank: Elasticity enables ______ changes in an object’s shape.

Answer 20

temporary

Question 21

What factors influence the selection of energy resources?

Answer 21

Factors include:
* availability and accessibility
* societal impacts
* economic impacts
* environmental impacts

These factors are critical in determining which energy resources are utilized.

Question 22

Fill in the blank: The selection of energy resources is influenced by _______.

Answer 22

[availability and accessibility, societal impacts, economic impacts, environmental impacts]

Question 23

True or False: Economic impacts are not a consideration in the selection of energy resources.

Answer 23

False

Economic impacts play a significant role in the decision-making process for energy resource selection.

Question 24

What are the advantages and disadvantages in the context of energy resource selection?

Answer 24

Advantages and disadvantages of several factors influence selection of energy resources.

Each factor can have both positive and negative effects on energy resource choices.

Question 25

What are the key aspects of responsible management of energy resources?

Answer 25

• Minimal disruption to nature • Restoration of extraction areas • Waste management practices • Respect for land and resource rights ## Footnote These aspects ensure sustainable energy practices.

Question 26

Name energy resources that can be used before processing.

Answer 26

• Wood • Wind • Water ## Footnote These resources can be utilized directly in their natural state.

Question 27

List energy resources that can be used after processing.

Answer 27

• Wind • Solar • Fossil fuels • Nuclear • Hydro • Biofuel ## Footnote These resources require conversion to usable forms of energy.

Question 28

Which energy resources are commonly processed into electricity?

Answer 28

• Wind • Solar • Fossil fuels • Nuclear • Hydro • Biofuel ## Footnote These resources undergo transformation to generate electrical energy.

Question 29

Fill in the blank: Energy resources can be used in daily life for _______.

Answer 29

• Heating and cooling • Lighting • Cooking • Transportation ## Footnote These applications demonstrate the versatility of energy resources.

Question 30

True or False: Wind can be used both before processing to sail a boat and after processing as electricity.

Answer 30

True ## Footnote This illustrates the dual utility of certain energy resources.

Question 31

How can energy resources be managed for daily living?

Answer 31

Energy resources can be managed for use in daily living through practices that ensure sustainability and efficiency. ## Footnote Effective management includes conservation and responsible consumption.