b&b1

Question 1

medial

Answer 1

towards the midline

Question 2

lateral

Answer 2

away from the midline

Question 3

rostral

Answer 3

towards nose and mouth

Question 4

caudal

Answer 4

towards the tail

Question 5

dorsal

Answer 5

back surface

Question 6

ventral

Answer 6

front surface

Question 7

ipsilateral

Answer 7

structures on the same side

Question 8

contralateral

Answer 8

structures on the opposite side

Question 9

Thalamus

Answer 9

located in Diencephalon, receives signals from sensory receptors, processes and transmits them to sensory cortex.

Question 10

Hypothalamus

Answer 10

located in Diencephalon, controls the autonomic nervous system and the endocrine system, organizes behaviors related to survival of the species (four F’s)

Question 11

Amygdala

Answer 11

Located in Telencephalon, part of the B.Gang and Limbic System, involved in everything emotion related

Question 12

Hippocampus

Answer 12

Located in Telencephalon, part of the Limbic System, involved mainly in learning and short-term memory

Question 13

Fornix

Answer 13

Located in Telencephalon, part of the Limbic System, bundle of axons that connect hippocampus with other regions of the brain.

Question 14

Limbic System

Answer 14

Located in Telencephalon, circles the thalamus, contains Amygdala, Hippocampus, Fornix, Mammilary bodies, Cingulate cortex and Septum.

Question 15

Basal Ganglia

Answer 15

Located in Telencephalon, involved in control of movement, reward and reinforcement, addictive behaviors, contains Nucleus accumbens, Caudate nucleus, Putamen and Globus pallidus.

Question 16

Pituitary gland

Answer 16

Located in Diencephalon, a.k.a the master gland, has anterior and posterior parts. Controls most of the endocrine system.

Question 17

Pineal gland

Answer 17

Located in Diencephalon, produces melatonin derived from seratonin, which regulates sleep

Question 18

Tectum

Answer 18

Located in Mesencephalon, roof (dorsal surface) of the midbrain, divided into two parts: Superior colliculi that has a visual-motor function and Inferior colliculi that has an auditory function.

Question 19

Tegmentum

Answer 19

Located in Mesencephalon, floor (ventral surface) of the midbrain, that has reticular formation and 3 different structures which are important for the sensorimotor system:

• Grey matter around the cerebral aqueduct (Periaqueductal grey)
• Substantia nigra
• Red nucleus

Question 20

Pons

Answer 20

Located in Metencephalon, relays information to Cerebellum from cortex, also involved in sleep/arousal.

Question 21

Cerebellum

Answer 21

Located in Metencephalon, controls precise and coordinated motor movements, speech, balance and posture by receiving sensory and movement information and from the body and “smoothens them out” for the motor outflow.

Question 22

Medulla

Answer 22

Also called Myelencephalon, controls vital functions such as cardiovascular, respiratory and skeletal systems, carries signals between body and the brain. Has reticular formation.

Question 23

Corpus Callosum

Answer 23

Unites the perceptions and memories of the left and right hemispheres, so each region of the association cortex knows what’s happening in opposite sides of the brain.

Question 24

Left Hemisphere / Right Hemisphere

Lateralization in the Cerebral Cortex

Answer 24

Left: analysis; recognizing serial events, sequences, talking, understanding speech etc.
Right: synthesis; putting elements together, sketches, constructing complex objects from smaller pieces.

Question 25

Frontal lobe function

Answer 25

Executive processes; Voluntary behavior such as decision making, planning, problem–solving, and thinking, voluntary motor control, cognition, intelligence, attention, language processing and comprehension

Question 26

Temporal lobe function

Answer 26

Recognition
Perception (hearing, vision, smell)
Understanding language
Learning and memory

Question 27

Occipital lobe function

Answer 27

Vision

Question 28

Parietal lobe function

Answer 28

Perception and integration of somatosensory information; touch, pressure, temperature, and pain, spatial mapping