B/B MCAT 02

Question 1

in fetus development, what is determination?

Answer 1

it is the commitment to specific cell lineage accomplished by uneven segregation of cellular material during mitosis or by morphogens

Question 2

in development, what is differentiation?

Answer 2

changes a cell undergoes due to selective transcription

Question 3

what are the stem cell types

Answer 3

totipotent, pluripotent, multipotent

Question 4

juxtacrine signals act through?

Answer 4

direct stimulation of the adjacent cells

Question 5

what is reciprocal induction?

Answer 5

when two tissues can both induce further differentiation in each other

Question 6

what are the function of astrocytes?

Answer 6

they form the blood-brain barrier

Question 7

what do ependymal cells do?

Answer 7

they line ventricles of the brain and produce cerebrospinal fluid

Question 8

what are the microglia?

Answer 8

they perform phagocytotic functions in the CNS

Question 9

the Na/K ATPase pumps?

Answer 9

three Na out and two K in

Question 10

can steroid hormones pass through membranes?

Answer 10

yes

Question 11

can peptide hormones pass through membranes?

Answer 11

nope

Question 12

solute movement occurs in the kidney through which three processes?

Answer 12

filtration, secretion and reabsorption

Question 13

what are the layers of the skin?

Answer 13

hypodermis (subcutaneous), dermis and epidermis

Question 14

what are the roles of osteoblast and osteoclast?

Answer 14

osteoblast build bone and osteoclast resorb bone