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Azure > Azure Data Explorer > Flashcards

Azure Data Explorer Flashcards

1
Q

What is Azure Data Explorer?

A
  1. Fully managed data analytics service.
  2. For real-time analysis of large volumes of data.
  3. Suited for time series data
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2
Q

What are the three primary use cases for Azure Data Explorer?

A
  1. Log and telemetry data analysis
  2. Real-time data exploration
  3. Big data analytics.
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3
Q

What are four of the data sources Azure Data Explorer ingest from?

A
  1. Event Hub,
  2. Blob Storage,
  3. IoT Hub
  4. databases.
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4
Q

Explain how Azure Data Explorer stores its data.

A
  1. In a distributed columnar storage format
  2. optimized for high-performance querying
  3. Data at rest and memory is compression.
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5
Q

What is the query language used in Azure Data Explorer and what is it used for?

A

KQL is used to query data in Azure Data Explorer for real-time analysis.

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6
Q

Explain data retention in Azure Data Explorer?

A

Data can be retained for specific durations based on retention policies, allowing for time-bound data storage.

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7
Q

Explain how Azure Data Explorer scales?

A

It can scale horizontally by adding nodes and scale vertically by upgrading storage and compute resources.

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8
Q

Explain Azure Data Explorer security?

A
  1. Azure Active Directory (AAD) authentication
  2. RBAC for role-based access control (RBAC)
  3. Encryption at rest
  4. Encryption for data in transit
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9
Q

List Azure Data Explorer integrate with other Azure services?

A

It integrates with services such as Power BI, Azure Synapse, Azure Machine Learning, and Logic Apps.

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10
Q

What is the purpose of the Hot and Cold storage in Azure Data Explorer?

A

Hot storage is for fast query performance, while cold storage is for long-term retention of data at a lower cost.

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11
Q

How is disaster recovery implemented in Azure Data Explorer?

A

Azure Data Explorer supports geo-redundancy and automated backups to ensure disaster recovery.

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12
Q

How is governance implemented in Azure Data Explorer?

A

It includes features like access control, auditing, and data classification for governance.

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13
Q

How can data be ingested from IoT Hub into Azure Data Explorer?

A

IoT Hub data is ingested using a built-in connector that sends telemetry data directly into Azure Data Explorer.

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14
Q

What is the function of a cluster in Azure Data Explorer?

A

A cluster is a set of virtual machines that process and store data for querying in Azure Data Explorer.

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15
Q

What are the primary functions provided by Azure Data Explorer?

A

Real-time analytics, data exploration, monitoring, and alerting on large data volumes.

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16
Q

What types of data can be analyzed using Azure Data Explorer?

A

Azure Data Explorer can analyze structured, semi-structured, and unstructured data.

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17
Q

What is the role of data sharding in Azure Data Explorer?

A

Data sharding distributes data across multiple nodes for faster query processing and scalability.

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18
Q

How does Azure Data Explorer handle high availability?

A

High availability is achieved through cluster redundancy and automatic failover.

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19
Q

What is the purpose of Kusto Triggers in Azure Data Explorer?

A

Kusto Triggers are used to automate actions based on query results, such as sending alerts.

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20
Q

How does Azure Data Explorer optimize query performance?

A

It uses a columnar storage format, indexing, and data partitioning to optimize query performance.

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21
Q

What is the role of the ingestion batching policy in Azure Data Explorer?

A

Ingestion batching policy defines how frequently data is ingested based on volume and time thresholds.

22
Q

What is the role of RBAC in Azure Data Explorer?

A

RBAC allows fine-grained control over data and resource access within the service.

23
Q

How does Azure Data Explorer provide real-time analytics?

A

It ingests and queries data in real time, allowing for instant insights from logs and telemetry data.

24
Q

What is the retention policy in Azure Data Explorer?

A

Retention policies allow data to be stored for a predefined period, after which it is purged.

25
Q

How does Azure Data Explorer handle schema evolution?

A

It allows flexible schema updates to accommodate changes in data structure without downtime.

26
Q

What is the role of Continuous Data Export in Azure Data Explorer?

A

It allows data to be continuously exported to other storage solutions like Blob Storage for archival or further processing.

27
Q

How is data encrypted in Azure Data Explorer?

A

Data is encrypted at rest using Microsoft-managed or customer-managed keys, and encrypted in transit using TLS.

28
Q

What is the difference between a table and a database in Azure Data Explorer?

A

A database stores multiple tables, each containing specific types of data for querying.

29
Q

How does Azure Data Explorer support time-series analysis?

A

It has built-in support for time-series data with functions to analyze trends, anomalies, and forecasts.

30
Q

What is the purpose of indexing in Azure Data Explorer?

A

Indexing improves query performance by creating searchable fields in the stored data.

31
Q

What is the role of ingestion control commands in Azure Data Explorer?

A

These commands allow control over data ingestion processes, such as pausing or resuming ingestion pipelines.

32
Q

What is the role of diagnostic logs in Azure Data Explorer?

A

Diagnostic logs provide insights into cluster performance and resource usage for troubleshooting.

33
Q

How can Azure Data Explorer be integrated with Azure Synapse?

A

Azure Data Explorer can serve as a data source for Azure Synapse, enabling advanced analytics and big data processing.

34
Q

What are materialized views in Azure Data Explorer?

A

Materialized views store query results to improve performance for frequent queries.

35
Q

How does Azure Data Explorer handle batch processing?

A

Batch processing is supported through ingestion policies that process data in chunks.

36
Q

What is the purpose of the ingestion failure policy in Azure Data Explorer?

A

It defines actions to take when data ingestion fails, such as retries or logging errors.

37
Q

How does Azure Data Explorer enable governance and compliance?

A

It provides auditing, access control, and encryption to help meet governance and compliance requirements.

38
Q

What is the function of cluster autoscaling in Azure Data Explorer?

A

Cluster autoscaling automatically adjusts compute resources based on workload demand.

39
Q

How can Azure Data Explorer be used for anomaly detection?

A

KQL functions and time-series analysis allow for detecting anomalies in data patterns.

40
Q

What are the retention limits in Azure Data Explorer?

A

Data retention can range from days to years, depending on policies set for hot and cold storage.

41
Q

How is data access managed in Azure Data Explorer?

A

Data access is managed using RBAC and AAD authentication, restricting access to authorized users.

42
Q

What is the role of caching in Azure Data Explorer?

A

Caching improves performance by storing frequently accessed data in memory for faster queries.

43
Q

What is the Kusto Engine in Azure Data Explorer?

A

The Kusto Engine is responsible for processing queries and managing data ingestion, storage, and retrieval.

44
Q

What disaster recovery options are available for Azure Data Explorer?

A

It provides geo-replication, automatic backups, and failover support for disaster recovery.

45
Q

How does Azure Data Explorer manage compute and storage separately?

A

Compute and storage are decoupled, allowing independent scaling and optimization.

46
Q

What is the purpose of query throttling in Azure Data Explorer?

A

Query throttling prevents overloading the system by limiting the resources allocated to queries.

47
Q

How does Azure Data Explorer handle multi-tenancy?

A

It supports multi-tenancy through resource isolation and separate access controls for each tenant.

48
Q

What are the benefits of using Azure Data Explorer for IoT analytics?

A

Azure Data Explorer enables fast ingestion, storage, and querying of large IoT telemetry data streams.

49
Q

What monitoring tools are available for Azure Data Explorer?

A

Azure Monitor, Log Analytics, and KQL queries can be used to monitor performance and resource usage.

50
Q

What is the purpose of the ingestion retry policy in Azure Data Explorer?

A

It defines the number of retry attempts for failed data ingestion processes before logging an error.

51
Q

Describes the Azure Data Explorer architecture

A
  1. Cluster of nodes
  2. Node size is described in the deployment config
52
Q

Does ADX support injection of streaming data

A

Yes

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