AZ-900: Microsoft Azure Fundamentals Flashcards
What is cloud computing?
Delivery of computing services over the internet.
Delivery of storage services over the internet.
Delivery of websites accessible via the internet.
What is cloud computing?
*Delivery of computing services over the internet.
Delivery of storage services over the internet.
Delivery of websites accessible via the internet.
Which cloud model uses some datacenters focused on providing cloud services to anyone that wants them, and some data centers that are focused on a single customer?
Public cloud
Hybrid cloud
Multi-cloud
Which cloud model uses some datacenters focused on providing cloud services to anyone that wants them, and some data centers that are focused on a single customer?
Public cloud
*Hybrid cloud
Multi-cloud
According to the shared responsibility model, which cloud service type places the most responsibility on the customer?
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
Software as a Service (SaaS)
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
According to the shared responsibility model, which cloud service type places the most responsibility on the customer?
*Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/training/modules/describe-cloud-service-types/2-describe-infrastructure-service
Software as a Service (SaaS)
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/training/modules/describe-cloud-service-types/3-describe-platform-service
Which type of scaling involves adding or removing resources (such as virtual machines or containers) to meet demand?
Vertical scaling
Horizontal scaling
Direct scaling
Which type of scaling involves adding or removing resources (such as virtual machines or containers) to meet demand?
Vertical scaling
*Horizontal scaling
Horizontal scaling is adding or subtracting the number of resources.
Direct scaling
What is characterized as the ability of a system to recover from failures and continue to function?
Reliability
Predictability
Scalability
What is characterized as the ability of a system to recover from failures and continue to function?
*Reliability
Reliability is the ability of a system to recover from failures and continue to function, and it is one of the pillars of the Microsoft Azure Well-Architected Framework.
Predictability
Scalability
Which cloud service type is most suited to a lift and shift migration from an on-premises datacenter to a cloud deployment?
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
Software as a Service (SaaS)
Which cloud service type is most suited to a lift and shift migration from an on-premises datacenter to a cloud deployment?
*Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
With an IaaS service type, you can approximate your on-premises environment, making a lift-and-shift transition to the cloud relatively straightforward.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
Software as a Service (SaaS)
What type of cloud service type would a Finance and Expense tracking solution typically be in?
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
Software as a Service (SaaS)
What type of cloud service type would a Finance and Expense tracking solution typically be in?
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
*Software as a Service (SaaS)
SaaS provides access to software solutions, such as finance and expense tracking, email, or ticketing systems.
How many resource groups can a resource be in at the same time?
One
Two
Three
How many resource groups can a resource be in at the same time?
*One
Two
Three
What happens to the resources within a resource group when an action or setting at the Resource Group level is applied?
Current resources inherit the setting, but future resources don’t.
Future resources inherit the setting, but current ones don’t.
The setting is applied to current and future resources.
What happens to the resources within a resource group when an action or setting at the Resource Group level is applied?
Current resources inherit the setting, but future resources don’t.
Future resources inherit the setting, but current ones don’t.
*The setting is applied to current and future resources.
What Azure feature replicates resources across regions that are at least 300 miles away from each other?
Region pairs
Availability Zones
Sovereign regions
What Azure feature replicates resources across regions that are at least 300 miles away from each other?
*Region pairs
Availability Zones
Sovereign regions
What Azure feature can help stay organized and track usage based on metadata associated with resources?
Tags
Tracers
Values
What Azure feature can help stay organized and track usage based on metadata associated with resources?
*Tags
Tracers
Values
What’s the best method to estimate the cost of migrating to the cloud while incurring minimal costs?
Migrate a small sample to the cloud and track costs over time.
Use the Total Cost of Ownership calculator to estimate expected costs.
Migrate to the cloud, but track usage closely using tags to rapidly understand costs.
What’s the best method to estimate the cost of migrating to the cloud while incurring minimal costs?
Migrate a small sample to the cloud and track costs over time.
*Use the Total Cost of Ownership calculator to estimate expected costs.
Migrate to the cloud, but track usage closely using tags to rapidly understand costs.
Which is the best description of generative AI?
Generative AI uses a language model to create original content in response to a prompt.
Generative AI is an older form of AI that is being replaced by machine learning.
Generative AI is a complex form of AI that can only be used by specialists such as data scientists.
Which is the best description of generative AI?
*Generative AI uses a language model to create original content in response to a prompt.
Generative AI is an older form of AI that is being replaced by machine learning.
Generative AI is a complex form of AI that can only be used by specialists such as data scientists.
A wildlife conservation app uses AI to locate one or more animals in photos. Which computer vision capability is being used?
Image classification
Object detection
Entity extraction
A wildlife conservation app uses AI to locate one or more animals in photos. Which computer vision capability is being used?
Image classification
*Object detection
Entity extraction
An AI application reads email aloud to a user. Which AI speech capability is being used?
Speech recognition
Speech synthesis
Sentiment analysis
An AI application reads email aloud to a user. Which AI speech capability is being used?
Speech recognition
*Speech synthesis
Sentiment analysis
You want to create a model to predict the cost of heating an office building based on its size in square feet and the number of employees working there. What kind of machine learning problem is this?
Regression
Classification
Clustering
You want to create a model to predict the cost of heating an office building based on its size in square feet and the number of employees working there. What kind of machine learning problem is this?
*Regression
Classification
Clustering
You need to evaluate a classification model. Which metric can you use?
Mean squared error (MSE)
Precision
Silhouette
You need to evaluate a classification model. Which metric can you use?
Mean squared error (MSE)
*Precision
Silhouette
In deep learning, what is the purpose of a loss function?
To remove data for which no known label values are provided
To evaluate the aggregate difference between predicted and actual label values
To calculate the cost of training a neural network rather than a statistical model
In deep learning, what is the purpose of a loss function?
To remove data for which no known label values are provided
*To evaluate the aggregate difference between predicted and actual label values
To calculate the cost of training a neural network rather than a statistical model
What does automated machine learning in Azure Machine Learning enable you to do?
Automatically deploy new versions of a model as they’re trained
Automatically provision Azure Machine Learning workspaces for new data scientists in an organization
Automatically run multiple training jobs using different algorithms and parameters to find the best model
What does automated machine learning in Azure Machine Learning enable you to do?
Automatically deploy new versions of a model as they’re trained
Automatically provision Azure Machine Learning workspaces for new data scientists in an organization
*Automatically run multiple training jobs using different algorithms and parameters to find the best model
An application requires three separate AI services. To see the cost for each separately, what type of resource(s) should be created?
A multi-service resource that includes all the AI services
A single-service resource for each AI service
It’s not possible to see costs for individual AI services
An application requires three separate AI services. To see the cost for each separately, what type of resource(s) should be created?
A multi-service resource that includes all the AI services
*A single-service resource for each AI service
It’s not possible to see costs for individual AI services
After logging into one of the individual Azure studios, what is one task to complete to begin using the individual studio?
Input a key and endpoint into the studio
Customize the API request.
Associate a resource with the studio
After logging into one of the individual Azure studios, what is one task to complete to begin using the individual studio?
Input a key and endpoint into the studio
Customize the API request.
*Associate a resource with the studio
What is an Azure AI services resource?
A bundle of several AI services in one resource
An AI service to recognize faces
A single-service resource for Azure AI Search
What is an Azure AI services resource?
*A bundle of several AI services in one resource
An AI service to recognize faces
A single-service resource for Azure AI Search
How can you prevent creation of non-compliant resources, without having to manually evaluate each resource?
Azure Policy
Azure Purview
Azure Resource Monitor
How can you prevent creation of non-compliant resources, without having to manually evaluate each resource?
*Azure Policy
Azure Purview
Azure Resource Monitor
What’s the best way to prevent inadvertent deletion of a resource?
Azure Policy
Microsoft Purview
Azure resource locks
What’s the best way to prevent inadvertent deletion of a resource?
Azure Policy
Microsoft Purview
*Azure resource locks
What service helps you manage your Azure, on-premises, and multicloud environments?
Azure Arc
Azure Policy
Azure Cloud Manager
What service helps you manage your Azure, on-premises, and multicloud environments?
*Azure Arc
Azure Policy
Azure Cloud Manager
What two components could you use to implement a “infrastructure as code” deployment?
Bicep and ARM Templates
Azure Policy and Azure Arc
Azure Monitor and Azure Arc
What two components could you use to implement a “infrastructure as code” deployment?
*Bicep and ARM Templates
Azure Policy and Azure Arc
Azure Monitor and Azure Arc
Which is not one of the recommendation categories for Azure Advisor?
Reliability
Capacity
Cost
Which is not one of the recommendation categories for Azure Advisor?
Reliability
*Capacity
Cost
You receive an email notification that virtual machines (VMs) in an Azure region where you have VMs deployed is experiencing an outage. Which component of Azure Service Health will let you know if your application is impacted?
Azure Status
Service Health
Resource Health
You receive an email notification that virtual machines (VMs) in an Azure region where you have VMs deployed is experiencing an outage. Which component of Azure Service Health will let you know if your application is impacted?
Azure Status
Service Health
*Resource Health
Which Azure Virtual Machine feature staggers updates across VMs based on their update domain and fault domain?
Availability sets
Scale sets
Update sets
Which Azure Virtual Machine feature staggers updates across VMs based on their update domain and fault domain?
*Availability sets
Scale sets
Update sets
Which Azure service allows users to use a cloud hosted version of Windows from any location and connect from most modern browsers?
Azure Virtual Desktop
Azure Virtual Machines
Azure Container Instances
Which Azure service allows users to use a cloud hosted version of Windows from any location and connect from most modern browsers?
*Azure Virtual Desktop
Azure Virtual Machines
Azure Container Instances
If you need connections between virtual networks, point-to-site connections, multisite connections, or coexistence with an Azure ExpressRoute gateway, which type of VPN gateway should you use?
Policy-based VPN gateway
Point-based VPN gateway
Route-based VPN gateway
If you need connections between virtual networks, point-to-site connections, multisite connections, or coexistence with an Azure ExpressRoute gateway, which type of VPN gateway should you use?
Policy-based VPN gateway
Point-based VPN gateway
*Route-based VPN gateway
They’re more resilient to topology changes such as the creation of new subnets.
Which tool automatically keeps files between an on-premises Windows server and an Azure cloud environment updated?
Azure File Sync
Azure Storage Explorer
AzCopy
Which tool automatically keeps files between an on-premises Windows server and an Azure cloud environment updated?
*Azure File Sync
Azure Storage Explorer
AzCopy
Which storage redundancy option provides the highest degree of durability, with 16 nines of durability?
Locally redundant storage
Zone-redundant storage
Geo-zone-redundant-storage
Which storage redundancy option provides the highest degree of durability, with 16 nines of durability?
Locally redundant storage
Zone-redundant storage
*Geo-zone-redundant-storage
Which Azure Storage service supports big data analytics, as well as handling text and binary data types?
Azure Blobs
Azure Files
Azure Disks
Which Azure Storage service supports big data analytics, as well as handling text and binary data types?
*Azure Blobs
Azure Files
Azure Disks
Which Microsoft Entra tool can vary the credentials needed to log in based on signals, such as where the user is located?
Conditional Access
Guest access
Passwordless
Which Microsoft Entra tool can vary the credentials needed to log in based on signals, such as where the user is located?
*Conditional Access
Guest access
Passwordless
Which security model assumes the worst-case security scenario, and protects resources accordingly?
Zero Trust
Defense-in-depth
Role-based access control
Which security model assumes the worst-case security scenario, and protects resources accordingly?
*Zero Trust
Defense-in-depth
Role-based access control
A user is simultaneously assigned multiple roles that use role-based access control. What are their actual permissions? The role permissions are: Role 1 - read || Role 2 - write || Role 3 - read and write.
Read only
Write only
Read and write
A user is simultaneously assigned multiple roles that use role-based access control. What are their actual permissions? The role permissions are: Role 1 - read || Role 2 - write || Role 3 - read and write.
Read only
Write only
*Read and write
What should you do to ensure alignment in your business during cloud adoption?
Form a large strategy team immediately.
Continuously seek input from other areas of your business.
Focus solely on IT and finance teams.
Avoid involving executive support.
What should you do to ensure alignment in your business during cloud adoption?
Form a large strategy team immediately.
*Continuously seek input from other areas of your business.
Focus solely on IT and finance teams.
Avoid involving executive support.
What should you do to plan for sustainability in your cloud adoption strategy?
Increase resource usage.
Identify your current emissions and plan to reduce your carbon footprint.
Focus only on cost savings.
Ignore corporate social responsibility goals.
What should you do to plan for sustainability in your cloud adoption strategy?
Increase resource usage.
*Identify your current emissions and plan to reduce your carbon footprint.
Focus only on cost savings.
Ignore corporate social responsibility goals.
What is the purpose of the Ready methodology in the Cloud Adoption Framework?
To develop marketing strategies.
To guide preparation aspects such as setting up your Azure environment, defining a cloud operating model, implementing landing zones, considering operational aspects, and developing necessary skills.
To manage cloud billing and cost optimization.
To manage customer relationships.
What is the purpose of the Ready methodology in the Cloud Adoption Framework?
To develop marketing strategies.
*To guide preparation aspects such as setting up your Azure environment, defining a cloud operating model, implementing landing zones, considering operational aspects, and developing necessary skills.
To manage cloud billing and cost optimization.
To manage customer relationships.
What should you do after you complete the migration of your workload?
Decommission on-premises assets immediately.
Skip testing and move to production.
Prepare to carry out management activities and perform test migrations.
Ignore feedback from business users.
What should you do after you complete the migration of your workload?
Decommission on-premises assets immediately.
Skip testing and move to production.
*Prepare to carry out management activities and perform test migrations.
Ignore feedback from business users.
What is the primary goal of innovation according to the Innovate methodology?
To prioritize technology over customers.
To meet the needs and expectations of your customers.
To reduce costs.
To increase the number of features.
What is the primary goal of innovation according to the Innovate methodology?
To prioritize technology over customers.
*To meet the needs and expectations of your customers.
To reduce costs.
To increase the number of features.
What is the first step in the Govern methodology?
Assess cloud risks.
Document cloud governance policies.
Build a cloud governance team.
Enforce cloud governance policies.
What is the first step in the Govern methodology?
Assess cloud risks.
Document cloud governance policies.
*Build a cloud governance team.
Enforce cloud governance policies.
What is the first step in the Govern methodology?
Assess cloud risks.
Document cloud governance policies.
Build a cloud governance team.
Enforce cloud governance policies.
What is the first step in the Govern methodology?
Assess cloud risks.
Document cloud governance policies.
*Build a cloud governance team.
Enforce cloud governance policies.
What primary factor determines the required level of management for each workload?
The number of users.
The level of criticality.
The cost of the workload.
The size of the team.
What primary factor determines the required level of management for each workload?
The number of users.
*The level of criticality.
The cost of the workload.
The size of the team.
Why is it important to continuously improve security in the cloud?
To maintain a robust security posture as cyber threats evolve.
To limit user access to cloud resources.
To reduce the number of security roles.
To reduce the frequency of security audits.
Why is it important to continuously improve security in the cloud?
*To maintain a robust security posture as cyber threats evolve.
To limit user access to cloud resources.
To reduce the number of security roles.
To reduce the frequency of security audits.
Which of the following actions is an example of waste, resulting in an increased resource cost?
Archiving infrequently accessed data to an archive storage tier.
Using a service that automatically adjusts resources that are provisioned to match user load.
Pooling databases to share provisioned capacity.
Running a development environment overnight that is used only during business hours.
Which of the following actions is an example of waste, resulting in an increased resource cost?
Archiving infrequently accessed data to an archive storage tier.
Using a service that automatically adjusts resources that are provisioned to match user load.
Pooling databases to share provisioned capacity.
*Running a development environment overnight that is used only during business hours.
Which of the following practices is a good way to reduce costs?
Conducting regular reviews of cloud bills to identify abnormal increases in spend.
Letting all IT teams have access to provision virtual machines of any size.
Provisioning the same capacity in development environments as for production, even though resource requirements are substantially lower in development environments.
Provisioning virtual machines that include licensing costs rather than using a bring-your-own-license image.
Which of the following practices is a good way to reduce costs?
*Conducting regular reviews of cloud bills to identify abnormal increases in spend.
Letting all IT teams have access to provision virtual machines of any size.
Provisioning the same capacity in development environments as for production, even though resource requirements are substantially lower in development environments.
Provisioning virtual machines that include licensing costs rather than using a bring-your-own-license image.
Suppose you have recently moved your application to the cloud and your monthly bill seems higher than expected. The utilization level of your VM is high enough that you’re hesitant to downsize. What might be a reasonable next step you can take to help you find inefficiencies?
Wait a month and recheck your bill.
Increase the amount of application testing you do before each release.
Add monitoring and instrumentation to your application.
Suppose you have recently moved your application to the cloud and your monthly bill seems higher than expected. The utilization level of your VM is high enough that you’re hesitant to downsize. What might be a reasonable next step you can take to help you find inefficiencies?
Wait a month and recheck your bill.
Increase the amount of application testing you do before each release.
*Add monitoring and instrumentation to your application.
Which of the following is a good example of using testing in your environment?
Waiting for users to reach out to you with reports of errors in your application.
Performing functionality tests in the development environment that are different from functionality tests in the production environment.
Omitting infrastructure deployment from test plans.
Performing regular security tests of your application code in development and production environments.
Which of the following is a good example of using testing in your environment?
Waiting for users to reach out to you with reports of errors in your application.
*Performing functionality tests in the development environment that are different from functionality tests in the production environment.
Omitting infrastructure deployment from test plans.
Performing regular security tests of your application code in development and production environments.
Which of the following examples uses automation to improve operational excellence?
Manually provisioning development environments every day for your development teams.
Logging on Linux VMs after deployment and installing the software packages that are required for the application.
Using a configuration template to deploy infrastructure in each environment.
Manually copying application binaries from your build system to your deployment infrastructure.
Which of the following examples uses automation to improve operational excellence?
Manually provisioning development environments every day for your development teams.
Logging on Linux VMs after deployment and installing the software packages that are required for the application.
*Using a configuration template to deploy infrastructure in each environment.
Manually copying application binaries from your build system to your deployment infrastructure.
Which of the following is an example of scaling up (vertical scaling)?
Updating your application to use a queuing service.
Adding more web servers into a web farm.
Adding another virtual machine into a database cluster.
Updating a virtual machine to a larger size.
Which of the following is an example of scaling up (vertical scaling)?
Updating your application to use a queuing service.
Adding more web servers into a web farm.
Adding another virtual machine into a database cluster.
*Updating a virtual machine to a larger size.
Which of the following is an example of scaling out (horizontal scaling)?
Updating a virtual machine to a larger size.
Adding more storage to a virtual machine.
Adding more web servers into a web farm.
Replicating backups to another region
Which of the following is an example of scaling out (horizontal scaling)?
Updating a virtual machine to a larger size.
Adding more storage to a virtual machine.
*Adding more web servers into a web farm.
Replicating backups to another region
Suppose you want to increase the availability of your system to provide a better service-level agreement (SLA) to your customers. Which of the following is a guiding principle you can use?
Reduce your target for maximum duration of acceptable data loss.
Encrypt all data at rest.
Eliminate single point of failure.
Suppose you want to increase the availability of your system to provide a better service-level agreement (SLA) to your customers. Which of the following is a guiding principle you can use?
Reduce your target for maximum duration of acceptable data loss.
Encrypt all data at rest.
*Eliminate single point of failure.
Which of the following is affected by your defined recovery point objective (RPO)?
The frequency of database backups.
The number of regions that data is replicated to.
The number of instances in a database cluster.
The type of load-balancing technology used in your application.
Which of the following is affected by your defined recovery point objective (RPO)?
*The frequency of database backups.
The number of regions that data is replicated to.
The number of instances in a database cluster.
The type of load-balancing technology used in your application.
Which of the following types of data might need to have security protections?
Customer data that contains personal information.
Financial data that supports business operations.
Intellectual property.
All of theses types of data might need security protections.
Which of the following types of data might need to have security protections?
Customer data that contains personal information.
Financial data that supports business operations.
Intellectual property.
*All of theses types of data might need security protections.
Which of the following examples is an attack you might see at the policies and access layer?
Exposed credentials posted online.
A SYN flood attack.
Following an employee into a datacenter without presenting credentials.
Ransomware that encrypts the disks of a virtual machine.
Which of the following examples is an attack you might see at the policies and access layer?
*Exposed credentials posted online.
A SYN flood attack.
Following an employee into a datacenter without presenting credentials.
Ransomware that encrypts the disks of a virtual machine.
