axis and enlargement

Question 1

what leads are used to determine the axis

Answer 1

1

aVF

Question 2

how do you determine LAE

Answer 2

in leads 2 and V1:

P wave duration greater than 0.10 (P > 2 1/2 boxes)

OR

biphasic P wave in V1 with:

• the terminal portion of the P wave greater than 0.04 secs (1 small box)
• AND greater than 1 mm deep (1 small box)

Question 3

how do you determine biatrial enlargement

Answer 3

increased duration ( > 0.10 secs) and amplitude

Question 4

lead 1 pos

lead aVF pos

Answer 4

normal axis

Question 5

____ tends to dilate and ___ tends to hypertrophy

Answer 5

atria tends to dilate and ventricles tends to hypertrophy

Question 6

lead 1 neg

lead aVF neg

Answer 6

indeterminate (extreme) axis

Question 7

LAD has an axis b/w

Answer 7

0 to negative 90

Question 8

if you see RAD, compare the R waves in ___ and ___ to determine if it is a STRONG RAD

____ > _____ = STRONG RAD

Answer 8

if you see RAD, compare the R waves in lead 3 and aVF to determine if it is a STRONG RAD

lead 3 > aVF = STRONG RAD

Question 9

normal P wave duration

Answer 9

0.06 to 0.10 secs

(1 1/2 to 2 1/2 small boxes)

Question 10

lead 1 pos

lead aVF neg

Answer 10

LAD

Question 11

normal QRS duration

Answer 11

0.06 to 0.12 secs

(1 1/2 to 3 small boxes)

Question 12

normal P wave amplitude in lead 2

Answer 12

.5 to 2.5

(1/2 to 2 1/2 small boxes)

Question 13

what is LAE also called

Answer 13

P mitrale

Question 14

normal Q wave duration

Answer 14

less than 0.04 sec

(less than 1 small box)

Question 15

J point

Answer 15

where the QRS meets the ST segment

Question 16

lead 1 neg

lead aVF pos

Answer 16

RAD

Question 17

how do you determine LVH

Answer 17

the deepest S wave in V1 or V2 + (plus) the tallest R wave in V5 or V6 is greater than 35 mm

OR

R wave in aVL is greater than 11 mm

OR

R wave (lead 1) + S wave (lead 3) is greater than 25 mm

Question 18

how do you determine RAE

Answer 18

in leads 2 and V1:

P wave amplitude greater than 2.5 mm ( P > 2 1/2 boxes)

OR

if the P wave is biphasic in V1, the initial component is greater than the terminal component

Question 19

how do you determine RVH

Answer 19

RAD (more than 90 degrees)

OR

in V1: R wave > S wave

OR

in V6: S wave > R wave

Question 20

what is RAE also called

Answer 20

p pulmonale

Question 21

RAD has an axis b/w

Answer 21

+90 and +180

Question 22

if you see LAD, compare the R waves in __ and ___ to determine if it is a STRONG LAD

____ > _____ = STRONG LAD

Answer 22

if you see LAD, compare the R waves in aVL and lead 1 to determine if it is a STRONG LAD

aVL > lead 1 = STRONG LAD