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Axillary Region and Brachial Plexus Flashcards

1
Q

Axillary Sheath

A

What is a continuation of the fascia associated with teh anterior and middle scalene muscle that continues laterally as a tubular sheath surrounding the nerves of the brachial plexus and axillary artery? The axillary vein is not surrounded by it.

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2
Q

Brachial Plexus

Axillary Artery

A
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3
Q

Axillary Artery

A

a

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4
Q

Intercostobrachial Nerve

A

What nerve is the lateral branch of the second intercostal nerve (T2)? It supplies the lateral chest wall and continues into the arm region, supplying the medial area the arm.

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5
Q

Superior Thoracic Artery

A

What is the first branch of the axillary artery in region one (which begins at the lateral boarder of the first rib)?

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6
Q

Thoracoacromial Trunk

A

What is the second branch off of the axillary artery (in region 2)?

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7
Q

Lateral Thoracic Artery

A

What is the third branch off of the axillary artery (in region 2)? It supplies the lateral side of the breast.

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8
Q

Subscapular Artery

A

What is the 4th branch off of the axillary artery? It divides into the circumflex scapular artery (heads posterior and forms an anastmoses with suprascapular artery) and thoracodorsal artery (heading inferiorly to latissimus dorsi along with the thoracodorsal nerve).

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9
Q

Circumflex Scapular Artery

A

What artery branches off of the subscapular artery? It heads posteriorly to the infraspinatus fossa and forms an anastomosis with the suprascapular artery.

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10
Q

Thoracodorsal Artery

A

What artery branches off of the subscapular artery and heads inferiorly to latissimus dorsi? It accompanies the thoracodorsal nerve.

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11
Q

Anterior Circumflex Humeral Artery

A

What is the 5th branch off of the axillary artery?

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12
Q

Posterior Circumflex Humeral Artery

A

What is the 6th branch off of the axillary artery? It accompanies the axillary nerve through the quadrangluar space adn encircles the humerus to anastomose wtih the anterior circumflex humoral artery.

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13
Q

Lateral Cord

Posterior Cord

Medial Cord

A

What gives rise to the musculocutanious and half of the median nerve? It is composed of C5,6,7

What gives rise to the Axillary and Radial Nerves? It is composed of C5,6,7,8 and T1

What gives rise to the Ulnar and half of the median nerve? It is composed of C8 and T1

*Remember to look for M formed by the Musculocutaneous, Median, and Ulnar Nerves… Proximal to the M is the Lateral and Medial cords

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14
Q

Musculocutaneous

Axillary

Radial

Median

Ulnar

A

What terminal branch is formed from teh lateral cord? (C5, 6, 7)

What terminal branch is formed from the lateral and medial cords? (C5,6,7,8 T1)

What terminal branch is formed from the posterior cord (2 nerves))? (C5,6,7,8, T1)

What terminal branch is formed from the Medial Cord? (C8, T1)

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15
Q

Medial Brachial Cutaneous Nerve

A

What nerve is the 2nd branch off of the medial cord?

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16
Q

Medial Antebrachial Cutaneous Nerve

A

What nerve is the 3rd branch off of the Medial Cord?

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17
Q

Upper Subscapular Nerve

Lower Subscapular Nerve

A

What is the nerve that branches off of the posterior cord (3rd branch) and supplies the Subscapularis and Teres Major muscles?

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18
Q

Thoracodorsal Nerve

A

What is the nerve that branches off of the posterior chord (2nd branch) and innervates the latissiumus dorsi?

19
Q

Long Thoracic Nerve

A

What nerve originates form the roots (ventral rami) of C5, 6, 7? It innervates the serratus anterior muscle.

20
Q

Acromioclavicular Joint (sinovial joint) and Ligament

Coracoclavicular Ligament

Coracoacromial Ligament

21
Q

Lateral Pectoral Nerve

Medial Pectoral Nerve

A

What nerve is the first branch off of the lateral cord? It innervates the pectoralis major muscle.

What nerve is the first branch off of the medial cord? It innervates the pectoralis major and minor muscles.

22
Q

Subscapularis Muscle

A

What muscle is located on the inner surface of the scapula? Its tendon inserts on the lesser tubercle of the humerous. It is innervated by the upper and lower subscapular nerves derived from the posterior cord of the brachial plexus.

23
Q

What is a continuation of the fascia associated with teh anterior and middle scalene muscle that continues laterally as a tubular sheath surrounding the nerves of the brachial plexus and axillary artery? The axillary vein is not surrounded by it.

A

Axillary Sheath

24
Q
A

Brachial Plexus

Axillary Artery

25
Q

a

A

Axillary Artery

26
Q

What nerve is the lateral branch of the second intercostal nerve (T2)? It supplies the lateral chest wall and continues into the arm region, supplying the medial area the arm.

A

Intercostobrachial Nerve

27
Q

What is the first branch of the axillary artery in region one (which begins at the lateral boarder of the first rib)?

A

Superior Thoracic Artery

28
Q

What is the second branch off of the axillary artery (in region 2)?

A

Thoracoacromial Trunk

29
Q

What is the third branch off of the axillary artery (in region 2)? It supplies the lateral side of the breast.

A

Lateral Thoracic Artery

30
Q

What is the 4th branch off of the axillary artery? It divides into the circumflex scapular artery (heads posterior and forms an anastmoses with suprascapular artery) and thoracodorsal artery (heading inferiorly to latissimus dorsi along with the thoracodorsal nerve).

A

Subscapular Artery

31
Q

What artery branches off of the subscapular artery? It heads posteriorly to the infraspinatus fossa and forms an anastomosis with the suprascapular artery.

A

Circumflex Scapular Artery

32
Q

What artery branches off of the subscapular artery and heads inferiorly to latissimus dorsi? It accompanies the thoracodorsal nerve.

A

Thoracodorsal Artery

33
Q

What is the 5th branch off of the axillary artery?

A

Anterior Circumflex Humeral Artery

34
Q

What is the 6th branch off of the axillary artery? It accompanies the axillary nerve through the quadrangluar space adn encircles the humerus to anastomose wtih the anterior circumflex humoral artery.

A

Posterior Circumflex Humeral Artery

35
Q

What gives rise to the musculocutanious and half of the median nerve? It is composed of C5,6,7

What gives rise to the Axillary and Radial Nerves? It is composed of C5,6,7,8 and T1

What gives rise to the Ulnar and half of the median nerve? It is composed of C8 and T1

*Remember to look for M formed by the Musculocutaneous, Median, and Ulnar Nerves… Proximal to the M is the Lateral and Medial cords

A

Lateral Cord

Posterior Cord

Medial Cord

36
Q

What terminal branch is formed from teh lateral cord? (C5, 6, 7)

What terminal branch is formed from the lateral and medial cords? (C5,6,7,8 T1)

What terminal branch is formed from the posterior cord (2 nerves))? (C5,6,7,8, T1)

What terminal branch is formed from the Medial Cord? (C8, T1)

A

Musculocutaneous

Axillary

Radial

Median

Ulnar

37
Q

What nerve is the 2nd branch off of the medial cord?

A

Medial Brachial Cutaneous Nerve

38
Q

What nerve is the 3rd branch off of the Medial Cord?

A

Medial Antebrachial Cutaneous Nerve

39
Q

What is the nerve that branches off of the posterior cord (3rd branch) and supplies the Subscapularis and Teres Major muscles?

A

Upper Subscapular Nerve

Lower Subscapular Nerve

40
Q

What is the nerve that branches off of the posterior chord (2nd branch) and innervates the latissiumus dorsi?

A

Thoracodorsal Nerve

41
Q

What nerve originates form the roots (ventral rami) of C5, 6, 7? It innervates the serratus anterior muscle.

A

Long Thoracic Nerve

42
Q
A

Acromioclavicular Joint (sinovial joint) and Ligament

Coracoclavicular Ligament

Coracoacromial Ligament

43
Q

What nerve is the first branch off of the lateral cord? It innervates the pectoralis major muscle.

What nerve is the first branch off of the medial cord? It innervates the pectoralis major and minor muscles.

A

Lateral Pectoral Nerve

Medial Pectoral Nerve

44
Q

What muscle is located on the inner surface of the scapula? Its tendon inserts on the lesser tubercle of the humerous. It is innervated by the upper and lower subscapular nerves derived from the posterior cord of the brachial plexus.

A

Subscapularis Muscle

Cadaver Lab (8 decks)

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