Axilla and Brachial Plexus

Question 1

anterior boundary of axilla

Answer 1

pec major and minor

Question 2

posterior boundary of axilla

Answer 2

scapula, latissimus dorsi, teres major

Question 3

medial boundary of axilla

Answer 3

ribs 1-4 and intercostal spaces

Question 4

lateral boundary of axilla

Answer 4

intertubercular groove of humerus

Question 5

base of boundary of axilla

Answer 5

skin and fascia of arm

Question 6

apex of axilla boundary

Answer 6

convergence of clavicle, scapul and rib 1

Question 7

what marks upper and lower border of axillary artery?

Answer 7

starts at lateral border of 1st rib and ends at inferior border of teres major

Question 8

list the branches off of each part of the axillary artery

Answer 8

• first part:
  
  • Superior thoracic artery
• second part:
  
  • Thoracoacromial trunk
  • Lateral thoracic arteries
• third part:
  
  • Subscapular artery
  • Posterior humeral circumflex
  • Anterior humeral circumflex

Question 9

which veins converge to form the axillary vein and where does this occur?

Answer 9

at the inferior border of teres major the brachial veins converge with the basilic vein

Question 10

What does the cephalic vein drain into?

Answer 10

axillary vein

Question 11

list 5 main groups of axillary lymph nodes

Answer 11

1. pectoral nodes
2. suscapular nodes
3. humeral nodes
4. central group
5. apical nodes

Question 12

lymph from ____ drains into the pectoral nodes

Answer 12

anterior thoracic wall, most of breast

Question 13

lymph from ____ drains into the subscapular nodes

Answer 13

posterior thoracic wall and scapular region

Question 14

lymph from ____ drains into the humeral nodes

Answer 14

most of upper limb

Question 15

lymph from ____ drains into the central group of lymph nodes of axilla

Answer 15

pectoral, subscapular, humeral

Question 16

lymph from ____ drains into the apical nodes

Answer 16

central nodes

Question 17

brachial plexus formed by _____ of spinal nerves ______

Answer 17

ventral rami of C5-C8 and T1

Question 18

list supraclavicular branches of brachial plexus and what spinal nerves contribute to them

Answer 18

1. Dorsal scapular nerve (C5): off root
2. Long thoracic nerve (C5-7): off root
3. Suprascapular nerve (C5-6): off trunk
4. Nerve to subclavius (C5-6): off trunk

Question 19

list infraclavicular branches of brachial plexus

Answer 19

• off lateral cord:
  
  • lateral pectoral nerve
• off medial cord:
  
  • medial pectoral nerve
  • medial brachial cutaneous nerve
  • medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve
• off posterior cord
  
  • upper subscapular nerve
  • lower subscapular nerve
  • thoracodorsal nerve

Question 20

what does the long thoracic nerve innervate?

Answer 20

serratus anterior

Question 21

what does the dorsal scapualr nerve innervate

Answer 21

rhomboid major, rhomboid minor, levator scapulae

Question 22

what does suprascapular nerve innervate

Answer 22

supraspinatus, infraspinatus

Question 23

what does nerve to subclavius innervate

Answer 23

subclavius

Question 24

what does lateral pectoral nerve innervate

Answer 24

pec major

Question 25

what does medial pectoral nerve innervate

Answer 25

pec major and minor

Question 26

what does upper subscapular nerve innervate

Answer 26

subscapularis

Question 27

what does lower subscapular nerve innervate

Answer 27

subscapularis and teres major

Question 28

what does thoracodorsal nerve innervate

Answer 28

latissimus dorsi

Question 29

what does axillary nerve innervate

Answer 29

deltoid and teres minor

Question 30

what does musculocutaneous nerve innervate

Answer 30

biceps brachii, brachialis, coracobrachialis

Question 31

what does median nerve and it’s branches innervate

Answer 31

most of anterior forearm and some hand (intrinsic hand muscles: lumbricals 1&2, thenar intrinsic muscles)

Question 32

what does ulnar nerve innervate

Answer 32

some in anterior forearm (flexor carpi ulnaris, flexor digitorum profundus) and hand (all intrinsic muscles except those by median nerve)

Question 33

what does radial nerve innervate

Answer 33

all posterior compartment muscles of arm and forearm

NO muscles of hand