Axilla and Brachial Plexus Flashcards
anterior boundary of axilla
pec major and minor
posterior boundary of axilla
scapula, latissimus dorsi, teres major
medial boundary of axilla
ribs 1-4 and intercostal spaces
lateral boundary of axilla
intertubercular groove of humerus
base of boundary of axilla
skin and fascia of arm
apex of axilla boundary
convergence of clavicle, scapul and rib 1
what marks upper and lower border of axillary artery?
starts at lateral border of 1st rib and ends at inferior border of teres major
list the branches off of each part of the axillary artery
- first part:
- Superior thoracic artery
- second part:
- Thoracoacromial trunk
- Lateral thoracic arteries
- third part:
- Subscapular artery
- Posterior humeral circumflex
- Anterior humeral circumflex
which veins converge to form the axillary vein and where does this occur?
at the inferior border of teres major the brachial veins converge with the basilic vein
What does the cephalic vein drain into?
axillary vein
list 5 main groups of axillary lymph nodes
- pectoral nodes
- suscapular nodes
- humeral nodes
- central group
- apical nodes
lymph from ____ drains into the pectoral nodes
anterior thoracic wall, most of breast
lymph from ____ drains into the subscapular nodes
posterior thoracic wall and scapular region
lymph from ____ drains into the humeral nodes
most of upper limb
lymph from ____ drains into the central group of lymph nodes of axilla
pectoral, subscapular, humeral
lymph from ____ drains into the apical nodes
central nodes
brachial plexus formed by _____ of spinal nerves ______
ventral rami of C5-C8 and T1
list supraclavicular branches of brachial plexus and what spinal nerves contribute to them
- Dorsal scapular nerve (C5): off root
- Long thoracic nerve (C5-7): off root
- Suprascapular nerve (C5-6): off trunk
- Nerve to subclavius (C5-6): off trunk
list infraclavicular branches of brachial plexus
- off lateral cord:
- lateral pectoral nerve
- off medial cord:
- medial pectoral nerve
- medial brachial cutaneous nerve
- medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve
- off posterior cord
- upper subscapular nerve
- lower subscapular nerve
- thoracodorsal nerve
what does the long thoracic nerve innervate?
serratus anterior
what does the dorsal scapualr nerve innervate
rhomboid major, rhomboid minor, levator scapulae
what does suprascapular nerve innervate
supraspinatus, infraspinatus
what does nerve to subclavius innervate
subclavius
what does lateral pectoral nerve innervate
pec major
what does medial pectoral nerve innervate
pec major and minor
what does upper subscapular nerve innervate
subscapularis
what does lower subscapular nerve innervate
subscapularis and teres major
what does thoracodorsal nerve innervate
latissimus dorsi
what does axillary nerve innervate
deltoid and teres minor
what does musculocutaneous nerve innervate
biceps brachii, brachialis, coracobrachialis
what does median nerve and it’s branches innervate
most of anterior forearm and some hand (intrinsic hand muscles: lumbricals 1&2, thenar intrinsic muscles)
what does ulnar nerve innervate
some in anterior forearm (flexor carpi ulnaris, flexor digitorum profundus) and hand (all intrinsic muscles except those by median nerve)
what does radial nerve innervate
all posterior compartment muscles of arm and forearm
NO muscles of hand
