Axial Skeleton Flashcards
1
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1: Frontal Bone
2
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1: Right Parietal Bone
2: Right Temporal Bone
3
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1: Occipital Bone
2: Superior Nuchal Line
4
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1: Sphenoid Bone
2: Sphenoid Bone (Disarticulated) - Sphenoid Sinus is located with the body of the Sphenoid
5
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1: Ethmoid Bone
2: Ethmoid Bone (disarticulated)
6
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1: Nasal
2: Lacrimal
7
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1: Vomer
8
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1: Left Zygomatic (malar)
2: Temporal Process - Fuses with zyomatic process to form the zygomatic arch
9
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1: Right Maxilla
2: Left Maxilla
3: Mandible
10
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A
1: Palatine
2: Palatine Processes of Maxilla
11
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1: Frontal or Coronal Suture
12
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1: Sagittal Suture
13
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1: Squamous Suture
14
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1: Occipital Lambdoid Suture
15
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1: Anterior Fontanelle - Membrane connecting developing bones in the skull
2: Ossification Center
16
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1: Posterior Fontanelle
17
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1: Anterior Lateral Fontanelle
2: Posterior Lateral Fontanelle
18
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1: Supraorbital notches or foramina - Passage way for supraorbital nerves and vessels
2: Supraorbital ridges or margins - Where eyebrows are located
19
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1: Fontal Sinus
20
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1: Mastoid Process - Muscle attachment
2: Squamous portion or region - flat portion of the bone
3: Zygomatic Process
4: External Auditory Meatus -
5: Mandubular Fossa - Part of the TMJ
21
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A
1: Jugular Foramen - Internal passage for the jugular vein
22
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1: Jugular Foramen - Internal passage for the jugular vein
2: Carotid Canal - Internal passage for the carotid artery
23
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A
1: Carotid Canal - Internal passage for the carotid artery
24
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1: Jugular Foramen - Internal passage for the jugular vein
25
1: Jugular Foramen - Internal passage for the jugular vein
2: Carotid Canal - Internal passafe for the carotid artery
26
1: Internal auditory meatus - Auditory nerve exits the petrous portion of the temporal bone
2: Petrous portion of the temporal bone (ridge superior to internal auditory meatus)
27
1: Styloid Processes - (fang like projections) Anchors the Hyoid Bone
28
1: Hyoid - Aids in swallowing; Connects to the Styloid bones with the Stylo-Hyoi Ligaments
29
1: Petrous region - (ridge superior to internal auditory meatus)
2: Internal auditory meatus
30
1: Carotid Canal - Internal passage for carotid artery
31
1: Occipital Condyles - Articulate with the superior articulating surfaces of the first cervical verterba Or the "Atlas"; These form the atlanto-occipital join which allows the "yes" movement of the head.
2: Foramen Magnum - Passage for the brain stem
32
1: Jugular Foramen - Internal passage for the jugular vein
33
1: Sphenoid
2: Sphenoid Body
34
1: Pterygoid Processes and Plates
2: Lesser Wing
3: Greater Wing
35
1: Sella Turcica - Place where pituitary gland sits
36
1: Sella Turcica - Place where pituitary gland sits
2: Lesser Wing
3: Greater Wing
37
1: External surface of greater wing of Sphenoid bone
38
1: Optic Foramen - Passage for the optic nerves; Sensory nerve that conducts impulses from the eye to the brain
39
1: Optic Foramen - Passage for the optic nerves; Sensory nerve that conducts impulses from the eye to the brain
40
1: Optic Foramen - Passage for the optic nerves; Sensory nerve that conducts impulses from the eye to the brain
41
1: Superior Orbital Fissure - Passage way for:
* Oculomotor Nerve (Cranial nerve III)
* Abducens Nerve (Cranial nerve VI)
* Trochleur Nerve (Cranial nerve IV)
* Ophthalmic Branch of the Trigeminal Nerve (Cranial nerve V)
42
1: Superior Orbital Fissure - Passage way for:
* Oculomotor Nerve (Cranial nerve III)
* Abducens Nerve (Cranial nerve VI)
* Trochleur Nerve (Cranial nerve IV)
* Ophthalmic Branch of the Trigeminal Nerve (Cranial nerve V)
43
1: Foramen Rotundum - Passage way for the maxillary branch of the trigeminal nerve
44
1: Foramen Rotundum - Passage way for the maxillary branch of the trigeminal nerve
45
1: Foramen Ovale - Passage way for the madibulary branch of the trigeminal nerve
46
1: Foramen Ovale - Passage way for the maxillary branch of the trigeminal nerve
47
1: Foramen Spinosum - Passage way for the Meningeal Vessels of the trigeminal nerve
48
1: Foramen Lacerum - Passage way for the pharyngeal artery and the internal carotid artery
49
1: Carotid Canal - Passage way for the carotid artery
2: Foramen Lacerum - Passage way for the pharyngeal artery and the internal carotid artery
\*\*\*Both carry the carotid artery
50
1: Carotid Canal - Passage way for the carotid artery
2: Foramen Lacerum - Passage way for the pharyngeal artery and the internal carotid artery
51
1: Laterial Plate of Pterygoid Process of the Sphenoid
2: Medial Plate of Pterygoid Process of the Sphenoid
52
1: Crista Galli of the Ethmoid - Helps anchor the dura mater
2: Cribriform Plate - Provides the tiny holes (Cribriform foramen) for the olfactory nerves
53
1: Crista Galli of the Ethmoid - Helps anchor the dura mater
2: Cribriform Plate - Provides the tiny holes (Cribriform foramen) for the olfactory nerves
54
1: Perpendicular Plate of Ethmoid - Superior portion of the septum
2: Vomer - Inferior portion of the septum
55
1: Perpendicular Plate
56
1: Orbital Plate of ethmoid
57
1: Orbital Plate
58
List seven bones that form the orbital fossa
* Frontal
* Orbital Plate of Ethmoid
* Orbital Plate of Palantine
* Lacrimal
* Sphenoid
* Maxilla
* Lacrimal
* Zygomatic
59
1: Nasal
2: Lacrimal
3: Vomer
4: Inferior Nasal Conchae
60
1: Horizontal Plates of the Palantine
2: Palatine Process of Maxilla
61
1: Horizontal Plate of Palatine
62
1: Orbital Process - Part of the Palatine that forms the orbital fossa
63
1: Right Maxilla
2: Left Maxilla
3: Frontal Processes - Portion of the Maxilla that is between the Nasal and Lacrimal bones
64
1: Frontal Process - Portion of the Maxilla that is between the Nasal and Lacrimal bones.
65
1: Maxillary Sinus or Antrum of Highmore
66
1: Maxiallry Sinus
67
1: Palatine Process of Maxilla
2: Incisive Foramen - Passage way for the Nasopalatine Nerve
68
1: Infraorbital Foramen - Passage way for the infraorbital nerve and vessels
69
1: Alveolar Process - The points between the teeth
2: Alveoli - The sockets that the teeth are in
3: Alveolar Margin - Ridge of Alveoli along the L&R Maxilla
70
1: Angle of Maxilla
2: Condylar Processes or Mandibular Condyles - Articulates with temporal fossa to form the Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ)
3: Ramus - Attachement point for muscles
4: Coronoid Process - Attachment point for muscles
71
1: Body of the Mandible - Spans from Ramus to Ramus
2: Mental Foramen - Passage way for the mental nerve and vessels
72
1: Alveolar Process - Points between the teeth
2: Alveolar Margin - Ridge along the mandible where the alveoli sit
3: Alveoli - Sockets in the mandible that the teeth sit in
73
1: Hyoid - Articulates with the Styloid Process; They are connected via the Stylohyoid ligaments and aides in swallowing.
74
List the bones of the nasal cavity
* Roof: Cribriform plate of Ethmoid
* Floor: Hard Palate
* Bridge: Nasal Bone
* Lateral Framework: Frontal Processes of Maxilla & Lacrimal
* Internal Walls: Inferior Nasal Conchae
* Septum: Perpendicular plate of Ethmoid & Vomer
75
1: Cervical Curve - 7 Vertebra (Secondary)
2: Thoracic Curve - 12 Vertebra (Primary)
3: Lumbar Curve - 5 Vertebra (Secondary)
4: Pelvic Curve - Sacrum & Coxax (Primary)
76
1: Body or Centrum
2: Pedicles - Connect the arch to the body of the vertebra
3: Laminae - Fuse together to form the Spinous Process
4: Spinous Process
5: Vertebral Foramen - Passage way for the spinal cord
77
1: Spinous Process
2: Inferior articulating processes - Used to articulate with other vertebra
3: Superior articulating processes - Used to articulate with other vertebra
4: Transverse processes
78
1: Spinous Process
2: Inferior articulating processes - Used to articulate with other vertebra
3: Superior articulating processes - Used to articulate with other vertebra
4: Transverse processes
79
1: Intervertebral Foramen - Passage way the runs perpendicular to the vertebral foramen and allows the spinal cord to branch off
80
1: Vertebral Foramen - Passage way for the spinal cord
2: Intervertebral Foramen - Passage way that runs perpendicular to the vertebral foramen and allows the spinal cord to branch off
81
1: Typical Cervical Vertebra
2: Typical Thoracic Vertebra
3: Typical Lumbar Vertebra
4: The Axis (C2 of cervical vert.)
5: The Atlas (C1 of cervical vert.)
6: Coccyx
7: Sacrum
82
1: Short, Bifid Spinous Process
2: Transverse Foramen - Foramen located in the transverse process
83
1: Transverse Foramen
2: Superior facets - Surface that articulates with Occipital Condyles to form the Atlanto-Occipital Joint; This joint allows the "yes" movement
3: Fovea Dentis - Articulates with the Dens of the Axis
\*\*\*Lack of body
84
1: Dens or Odontoid Process - Articulates with the Fovea Dentis of the Atlas to form the Atlanto-Axial Joint; This joint allows for the "no" movement
2: Superior articulating surfaces - Articulates with Inferior articulating surface of Atlas;
85
1: Facets - Located on transverse processes for articulation with tubercle of rib and facets (T10 - T12)
2: Demifacets - Located on body for articulation with head of rib (T1 - T9)
86
What are the unique features of lumbar vertebra?
1: Larger body in Lumber Vertebra
2: Processes are more square like
87
1: Square Spinous Process of Lumbar
88
1: Coccyx - 3-5 fused bones
2: Sacrum - 5 fused bones
89
* 1st nine Thoracic vertebra have demi-facets because the head of the ribs contacts two vertebrae
90
* Thoracic ribs 10-12 have a single facet because the tubercle of a single rib articulates with a single vertebra
91
How many pairs of ribs are there?
How many and which pairs are called true pairs?
How many and which pairs are called false ribs?
Why are true ribs called true ribs?
What ribs share a connection to the sternum?
Which ribs are not connected to the sternum?
12 Pairs
The first seven pairs are considered true.
The last 5 rib pairs are considered false.
True ribs have their own cartilagenous connection to the sternum. "False" ribs do not have their own cartilagenous connection to the sternum.
Ribs 8, 9, & 10
Ribs 11 & 12; Called floating ribs
92
1: Head
2: Neck
3: Tubercle - Articulates with the transverse process
4: Body
5: Attachment point for costal cartilage
93
1: Angle
94
1: Manubrium
2: Xiphoid Process
3: Gladiolus (body)
95
Wormian or Sutural Bones - Bones that occur within a suture
