Axial Skeleton Flashcards
How many total vertebrae are there?
33
How many cervical vertebrae?
7
How many thoracic vertebrae?
12
How many lumbar vertebrae?
5
How many sacral vertebrae?
5, fused
How many coccygeal vertebrae?
4, fused
What are the normal primary curves?
Thoracic and sacrococcygeal
What are the normal secondary curves?
Cervical and lumbar
What is kyphosis?
Abnormal posterior curve of the thoracic vertebrae
What is the name for abnormal anterior curve of the lumbar?
Lordosis
Where does scoliosis occur?
Thoracic and/or lumbar
Where are the pedicles, lamina, body and spinous and transverse processes of a normal vertebra?
Think about them
In which vertebrae are there transverse foramina?
Cervical
What passes through the transverse foramina?
vertebral aa.
Which vertebrae have a bifid spinous process?
Cervical
What is a unique feature of the atlas?
It has no body.
What is a unique feature of the axis?
It has the odontoid process.
For what movement is the atlas responsible?
“Yes” motion
For what movement is the axis responsible?
“No” motion
Which cervical vertebra does not have a bifid spinous process?
C7
Which vertebrae have spinous processes that point sharply downward?
Thoracic
Which vertebrae have articular facets for ribs?
Thoracic
Where do the ribs articulate with the vertebrae?
Thoracic vertebrae of same number articulates with the head of the rib on its body and the tubercle of the rib on its transverse process. The rib head also articulates with the body of the thoracic vertebra one level higher.
What interacts with the vertebrae above and below a given vertebra?
Superior and inferior articular processes.
Identify the ventral and dorsal sacral foramina
Yes
Identify the sacral canal
yes
Identify the median sacral crest
yes
What is the auricular surface?
Articulation between the sacrum and the ilium.
What transmits the spinal cord?
Vertebral foramen
Where do the spinal nerves exit?
The intervertebral foramina
What are the two components of the intervertebral discs?
Nucleus pulposus and annulus fibrosus
