Axial Skeleton Flashcards by Jareth Lopez

Q

Define Bone Marking

A

it’s unique structural feature of the bone, that serves a specific functional role.

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Q

What are 3 functional roles of bone marking?

A

Projections that are sites of muscle and ligament attachment
Surfaces that form ligaments
Depressions & openings for blood vessels and nerves

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Q

ID the bone marking

A

Tuberosity:

Large rounded projection; may be roughened

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Q

ID the bone marking

A

Crest:

Narrow ridge of bone; usually prominent

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Q

ID the bone marking

A

Trochanter:

Very Large, blunt, irregularly shaped process (femur)

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Q

What is a Tubercle?

A

Small rounded projection or process

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Q

ID

A

lesser Terbercle

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Q

ID the bone marking

A

Epicondyle:

Raised area on or above a condyle

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Q

What is a Process?

A

Any body prominence

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Q

What is a head?

A

large smooth projection-fit into another bone marking

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Q

ID the bone marking

A

Facet

Smooth, nearly flat articular (joint) surface

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Q

ID the bone marking

A

Condyle

rounded projection; typically fit into a bone marking on another bone in order to form a joint.

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Q

What is a Foramen?

A

“hole”

round oval opening through a bone

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Q

What is a Meatus? (Highlighted in green)

A

Canal

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Q

What is a Fossa?

A

Shallow, basin like depression in a bone, often serving as an articular surface.

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Q

ID the bone marking indicated by the pointer

A

Supraorbital margin

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Q

ID the bone indicated by the pointer

A

Parietal Bone

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Q

ID the bone marking indicated by the pointer

A

Occipital Condyles

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Q

ID the bone marking indicated by the pointer

A

Foramen Magnum

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Q

Where do you find the foramen magnum?

A

In the occipital bone

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Q

What’s the function of the foramen magnum?

A

It’s the point which the spinal cord enters into the cranial cavity

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Q

ID the bone marking

A

Mastoid process

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Q

What is the structure highlighted by red and it’s function?

A

sternocleidomastoid muscle

Function: Prime mover of the head

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Q

A

External acoustic meatus

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Tuberosity

Id the bone marking

Iliac Crest

ID the process highlighted in red

Styloid process

Function of styloid process?

Forms a point of attachment for the muscles that allow you to swallow

ID the region highlighted in green

Petrous Region

Identify structure indicated by pointer 1

Jugular Foramen

ID the structure indicated by 3.

Petrous region

ID the structure indicated by 1

Epiphysis

What type of bone makes up the epiphysis?

Spongy bone connective tissue

What do you find in the nooks and crannies (epiphysis) of the spongy bone?

Red bone marrow

What is the functional role of red bone marrow?

To make red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.

ID the structure indicated by 3

Diaphysis

ID the structure indicated by 12

Medullary Cavity

ID the structure indicated by 12

Medullary Cavity

What is the medullary cavity filled with?

Yellow bone marrow

ID the structure indicated by the pointer

Articular cartilage

ID the structure by the pointer

Nutrient foramen

ID the structure indicated by 2

Concentric lamellae

ID the structure indicated by 5

Osteon

ID the structure indicated by 3; what it’s functional role?

Lacunae Function: houses osteocytes

ID the structure indicated by 10

Circumferential lamellae

ID the structure indicated by 9

Periosteum

ID the tissue

Compact bone connective tissue

ID the tissue

Compact bone connective tissue

ID the tissue

Spongy bone

How many bones are in the Axial Skeleton?

80 bones

How many bones are in the skull?

22 bones

How many bones are classified as Cranial bones?

8 Bones

ID the suture

coronal suture

ID the suture

squamous suture

ID the suture

Lambdoid

What makes up the cranium?

parietal, temporal, frontal, occipital, sphenoid, ethmoid

How many bones make up the facial?

14 bones

ID the fossa

Anterior cranial fossa

ID the fossa

Middle cranial fossa

ID the fossa

Posterior cranial fossa

What does the jugular foraman do?

It allows the jugular vein to exit the brain, and drain blood.

ID the structure

Carotid foramen/canal

ID the bone indicated by the pointer

Ethmoid bone

ID the bone highlighted in yellow

Sphenoid

ID the bone marking by the marking

Sella Turcica

ID the bone marking

Optic foramen/canal

ID the bone marking

crista galli

ID bone marking by the pointer

Olfactory foramen

ID the bone marking highlighted in green

Perpendicular plate

ID the structure indicated by the pointer

Middle Nasal Concha

ID the region indicated by 2

interanal Acoustic Meatus