Axial Musculature

Question 1

3 intrinsic back muscles

Answer 1

-superficial splenius
-intermediate erectus spinae
-deep transversopinales muscles

Question 2

Superficial layer: Splenius muscle

Answer 2

-extension (together) and rotation (alone) of the neck

Question 3

Intermediate layer: Erectus spinal muscles

Answer 3

-postural: extend vertebral column
-slow twitch, efficient with energy

Question 4

Deep Layer: Transversospinal muscles

Answer 4

-extend vertebral column and lateral flexion
-assist in rotating to contralateral side

Question 5

Inhalation

Answer 5

-diaphragm flattens through contraction, pulls up
-external intercostal muslces contract to pull ribs up
-increases thoracic volume, decreases pleural pressure

Question 6

Accessory muscles of the thoracic

Answer 6

-internal intercostal (pulls ribs down, shrinks size of thoracic cavity)
-sternocleidomastoid muscle
-scalenes
-pectoralis minor
-Rectus abdminis muscle

Question 7

Rectus Abdominis muscle

Answer 7

-agonist in flexion of vertebral column
-depression of ribs (accessory)

Question 8

External Oblique

Answer 8

-1 side active: Contralateral trunk rotation, lateral flexion
-both side: Flexionof vertebral column and compression of abdomen

Question 9

Internal oblique

Answer 9

-1 side: Ipsilateral rotation, lateral flexion; both: flexion and compression

Question 10

Transverse abdominis muscle

Answer 10

-compression of the abdomen
-circular