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Anatomy > Axial Muscles > Flashcards

Axial Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Buccinator Muscle

A

Origin: alveolar processes of the maxilla and mandible

Insertion: blends into fibers of the orbicularis oris

Action: compresses cheeks

Innervation: facial nerve

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2
Q

Orbicularis Oris

A

Origin: maxilla and mandible

Insertion: lips

Action: compresses, purses lips

Innervation: facial nerve

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3
Q

Orbicularis Oculi

A

Origin: medial margin of orbit

Insertion: skin around eyelids

Action: closes eyes

Innervation: facial nerve

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4
Q

Inferior Rectus

A

Action: eye looks DOWN

Innervation: oculomotor nerve

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5
Q

Medial Rectus

A

Action: eye looks MEDIALLY

Innervation: oculomotor nerve

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6
Q

Superior Rectus

A

Action: eye looks UP

Innervation: oculomotor nerve

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7
Q

Lateral Rectus

A

Action: eye looks LATERALLY

Innervation: abducens nerve

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8
Q

Inferior Oblique

A

Action: eye rolls, looks UP and LATERALLY

Innervation: oculomotor nerve

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9
Q

Superior Oblique

A

Action: eye rolls, looks DOWN and LATERALLY

Innervation: trochlear nerve

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10
Q

Masseter

A

Origin: zygomatic arch

Insertion: lateral surface and angle of MANDIBULAR RAMUS

Action: - closes mouth
- assists in protracting & retracting
the mandible side to side

Innervation: trigeminal nerve

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11
Q

Temporalis

A

Origin: along temporal line of skull

Insertion: coronoid process of mandible and anterior border of the mandibular ramus

Action: - closes mouth
- assists in retracting and moving
mandible side to side

Innervation: trigeminal nerve

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12
Q

Pterygoids (group)

A

Origin: lateral pterygoid plate

Insertion: medial surface of MANDIBULAR RAMUS

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13
Q

Medial Pterygoid

A

Origin: lateral pterygoid plate and adjacent portions of palatine bone and maxilla

Insertion: medial surface of Mandibular Ramus

Action: closes mouth

Innervation: trigeminal nerve

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14
Q

Lateral Pterygoid

A

Origin: lateral pterygoid plate & greater wing of sphenoid

Insertion: anterior part of the neck of the Mandibular Condyle

Action: opens mouth

Innervation: trigeminal nerve

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15
Q

Genioglossus

A

Origin: medial surface of MANDIBLE around the chin

Insertion: body of the TONGUE, HYOID bone

Action: depresses & protracts tongue

Innervation: hypoglossal nerve

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16
Q

Pharyngeal Constrictors

A

Origin: - medial aspect of MANDIBLE

        - HYOID bone
        - thyroid & cricoid cartilages

Insertion: median RAPHE

Action: constrict pharynx to propel bolus into esophagus

Innervation: pharyngeal plexus

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17
Q

Sternocleidomastoid

A

Origin: - sternal end of CLAVICLE
- MANUBRIUM (sternal end)

Insertion: mastoid region of the skull & lateral portion of superior nuchal line

Action: - together they flex the neck
- alone, one side bends towards
the shoulder & turns face to
opposite side

Innervation: accesory nerve & cervical spinal nerves

18
Q

Sternohyoid

A

Origin: clavicle and manubrium

Insertion: hyoid bone

Action: depresses hyoid bone and larynx

19
Q

Sternothyroid

A

Origin: dorsal surface MANUBRIUM & 1st costal cartilage

Insertion: thryroid cartilage and larynx

Action: depresses hyoid bone & larynx

20
Q

Thyrohyoid

A

Origin: thyroid cartilage of larynx

Insertion: hyoid bone

Action: depresses hyoid; elevates larynx

21
Q

Omohyoid

A

Origin: superior border of the SCAPULA near the scapular notch

Insertion: hyoid bone

Action: depresses hyoid bone & larynx

22
Q

Digastric (Anterior Belly)

A

Origin: from inferior surface of MANDIBLE at chin

Insertion: hyoid bone

Action: depresses mandible, opening mouth, and/or elevates larynx

23
Q

Digastric (Posterior Belly)

A

Origin: from mastoid region of TEMPORAL BONE
Insertion: hyoid bone

Action: depresses mandible, opening mouth, and/or elevates larynx

24
Q

Geniohyoid

A

Origin: medial surface of MANDIBLE at chin

Insertion: hyoid bone

Action: -depress mandible, opening mouth

        - elevates larynx
        - retracts hyoid bone
25
Q

Mylohyoid

A

Origin: mylohyoid line of MANDIBLE

Insertion: median CT band (RAPHE) that runs to hyoid bone

Action: - elevates floor of mouth

        - elevates hyoid bone
        - depresses mandible
26
Q

Stylohyoid

A

Origin: styloid process of temporal bone

Insertion: hyoid bone

Action: elevates larynx

27
Q

Iliocostalis Group

A

Origin: sacrum, iliac crest, & ribs

Insertion: RIBS & transverse processes of vertebrae above

Innervation: cervical, thoracic, & lumbar spinal nerves

28
Q

Spinalis Group

A

Origin: spinous processes below

Insertion: spinous processes above

Innervation: cervical, thoracic, & lumbar spinal nerves

29
Q

Longissmus Group

A

Origin: transverse processes of vertebrae below

Insertion: transverse processe of vertebrae above

Innervation: cervical, thoracic, & lumbar spinal nerves

30
Q

Splenius

A

Origin: cervical spinous processes

Insertion: mastoid process & superior cervical vertebrae

Action: together - extend neck & head
either side - turns head to SAME
side & laterally flexes neck

31
Q

Scalenes

A

Origin: transverse processes of vertebrae

Insertion: first two ribs

32
Q

Internal Intercostals

A

Origin: SUPERIOR border of each rib

Insertion: INFERIOR border of each rib
above

33
Q

External Intercostals

A

Origin: INFERIOR border of each rib

Insertion: SUPERIOR border of each rib
below

34
Q

External Abdominal Oblique

A

Origin: external & inferior borders of ribs 5
12

Insertion: aponeuroses of external oblique & linea alba

35
Q

Internal Abdominal Oblique

A

Origin: thoracolumbar fascia & iliac crest

Insertion: inferior surface of lower ribs, linea alba, & pubis

36
Q

Rectus Abdominis

A

Origin: superior aspect of pubis bone

Insertion: inferior surface of ribs 5-7 & xiphoid

37
Q

Diaphragm

A

Origin: - xiphoid of sternum
- ribs 7-12
- anterior surface of lumbar
vertebrae

Insertion: central tendinous sheet or tendon

38
Q

Levator Ani

pubococcygeus + iliococcygeus

A

Origin: ischial spine & pubis

Insertion: coccyx & median raphe

39
Q

Coccygeus (Ischiococcygeus)

A

Origin: ischial spine

Insertion: sacrum & coccyx

40
Q

External Anal Sphincter

A

Origin: via tendon from coccyx

Insertion: encircles anal opening

Action: closes anal opening

Innervation: sacral spinal nerves

Anatomy (6 decks)

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