AXIAL: Hyoid, Vertebrae and Thoracic

Question 1

This bone is unique in that it is the only bone of the body that does not articulate directly with any other bone which is why it looks like it’s floating.

Answer 1

Hyoid bone

Question 2

Bone attached to the muscle tongue and muscle neck

Answer 2

Hyoid bone

Question 3

These are the smallest bones in the human body

Answer 3

Auditory ossicles

Question 4

What are the three bones of the auditory ossicles?

Answer 4

1. Malleus
2. Incus
3. Stapes

Question 5

What is the smallest of the smallest bones of the human body

Answer 5

Stapes

Question 6

This bone looks like a stirrup

Answer 6

Stapes

Question 7

This bone looks like a hammer

Answer 7

Malleus

Question 8

This bone looks like an anvil

Answer 8

Incus

Question 9

A series of irregularly-shaped bones called vertebrae that houses the spinal cord

Answer 9

Vertebral column

Question 10

How many vertebrae are there in an infant vertebrae?

Answer 10

33

Question 11

How many vertebrae are there in an adult vertebrae?

Answer 11

26

Question 12

How many regions are there in vertebral column?

Answer 12

5

Question 13

What are the regions found in the vertebral column?

Answer 13

1. Cervical (7)
2. Thoracic (12)
3. Lumbar (5)
4. Sacral (5 OR FUSED INTO 1)
5. Coccyx (4 OR FUSED INTO 1)

Question 14

Cervical and lumbar lordosis has a ___________ curve.

Answer 14

Concave

Question 15

Thoracic and sacral kyphosis has a _____________ curve.

Answer 15

Convex

Question 16

This is the weight-bearing portion of the general structure of a vertebra

Answer 16

Vertebral body/centrum

Question 17

This is a general structure of a vertebra that directs posteriorly.

Answer 17

Vertebral arch

Question 18

Flattened plates that fuse in the median plane which completes the arch posteriorly, and this a part of the general structure of a vertebra

Answer 18

Laminae

Question 19

These are short bony pillars projecting posteriorly from the vertebral body which forms the sides of the arch

Answer 19

Pedicles

Question 20

This is a process wherein a median posterior projection arises at the junction of the two laminae

Answer 20

Spinous process

Question 21

This is a process that extends laterally from each side of the vertebral arch

Answer 21

Transverse process

Question 22

From the lateral view, these facets protrude superiorly and inferiorly respectively from the pedicle-lamina junction

Answer 22

Superior and Inferior articular facet

Question 23

Cervical bone wherein there is no body, no spinous process, but it has superior articular facets

Answer 23

Atlas (C1)

Question 24

“YES” (bone responsible for nodding your head up and down)

Answer 24

Atlas (C1)

Question 25

Cervical bone wherein it is not as specialized as atlas, and this has a unique feature wherein they have knob-like dens

Answer 25

Axis (C2)

Question 26

"NO" (bone responsible for shaking your head left and right)

Answer 26

Axis (C2)

Question 27

Has an oval body, its spinous process is short and bifid, and its vertebral foramen is triangular

Answer 27

C3-C7

Question 28

A cervical bone that is palpable

Answer 28

C7

Question 29

Its body is heart-shaped, has long and sharp spinous process, has demifacets (costal facets), has transverse process, and its vertebral foramen is round

Answer 29

Thoracic spine (T1-T12)

Question 30

Its body is massive which is kidney-shaped, has short and flat spinous process, its pedicles and laminae are thicker and shorter, has transverse process, and its vertebral foramen is triangular

Answer 30

Lumbar spine (L1-L5)

Question 31

What are the joints formed at the vertebral column?

Answer 31

1. Atlanto-occipital joint (atlas + occipital condyle) 2. Atlanto-axial joint (atlas + axis) 3. Zygapophyseal joint (superior articulating facet + inferior articulating facet)

Question 32

This bone protects the vital organs in the thorax

Answer 32

Thoracic cage

Question 33

This is an element of the thoracic cage that is located posteriorly

Answer 33

Thoracic vertebrae

Question 34

This is an element of the thoracic cage that is located laterally

Answer 34

Ribs

Question 35

This is an element of the thoracic cage that is located anteriory

Answer 35

Sternum and Costal cartilages

Question 36

Ribs 1-7 (from vertebrae to sternum)

Answer 36

True ribs

Question 37

Ribs 8-10

Answer 37

False ribs (that is attached from vertebrae to cartilages only)

Question 38

Ribs 11-12

Answer 38

False ribs (only attached to vertebrae)

Question 39

What are the joints formed at the thoracic cage

Answer 39

1. Costovertebral joints (ribs + vertebrae) 2. Costochondral joints (ribs + costal cartilages) 3. Sternochondral joints (sternum + costal cartilages) 4. Interchondral joints (false ribs + costal cartilages)