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IT-RAD102 [MIDTERMS] > AXIAL: Hyoid, Vertebrae and Thoracic > Flashcards

AXIAL: Hyoid, Vertebrae and Thoracic Flashcards

1
Q

This bone is unique in that it is the only bone of the body that does not articulate directly with any other bone which is why it looks like it’s floating.

A

Hyoid bone

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2
Q

Bone attached to the muscle tongue and muscle neck

A

Hyoid bone

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3
Q

These are the smallest bones in the human body

A

Auditory ossicles

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4
Q

What are the three bones of the auditory ossicles?

A
  1. Malleus
  2. Incus
  3. Stapes
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5
Q

What is the smallest of the smallest bones of the human body

A

Stapes

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6
Q

This bone looks like a stirrup

A

Stapes

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7
Q

This bone looks like a hammer

A

Malleus

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8
Q

This bone looks like an anvil

A

Incus

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9
Q

A series of irregularly-shaped bones called vertebrae that houses the spinal cord

A

Vertebral column

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10
Q

How many vertebrae are there in an infant vertebrae?

A

33

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11
Q

How many vertebrae are there in an adult vertebrae?

A

26

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12
Q

How many regions are there in vertebral column?

A

5

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13
Q

What are the regions found in the vertebral column?

A
  1. Cervical (7)
  2. Thoracic (12)
  3. Lumbar (5)
  4. Sacral (5 OR FUSED INTO 1)
  5. Coccyx (4 OR FUSED INTO 1)
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14
Q

Cervical and lumbar lordosis has a ___________ curve.

A

Concave

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15
Q

Thoracic and sacral kyphosis has a _____________ curve.

A

Convex

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16
Q

This is the weight-bearing portion of the general structure of a vertebra

A

Vertebral body/centrum

17
Q

This is a general structure of a vertebra that directs posteriorly.

A

Vertebral arch

18
Q

Flattened plates that fuse in the median plane which completes the arch posteriorly, and this a part of the general structure of a vertebra

A

Laminae

19
Q

These are short bony pillars projecting posteriorly from the vertebral body which forms the sides of the arch

A

Pedicles

20
Q

This is a process wherein a median posterior projection arises at the junction of the two laminae

A

Spinous process

21
Q

This is a process that extends laterally from each side of the vertebral arch

A

Transverse process

22
Q

From the lateral view, these facets protrude superiorly and inferiorly respectively from the pedicle-lamina junction

A

Superior and Inferior articular facet

23
Q

Cervical bone wherein there is no body, no spinous process, but it has superior articular facets

A

Atlas (C1)

24
Q

“YES” (bone responsible for nodding your head up and down)

A

Atlas (C1)

25
Q

Cervical bone wherein it is not as specialized as atlas, and this has a unique feature wherein they have knob-like dens

A

Axis (C2)

26
Q

“NO” (bone responsible for shaking your head left and right)

A

Axis (C2)

27
Q

Has an oval body, its spinous process is short and bifid, and its vertebral foramen is triangular

A

C3-C7

28
Q

A cervical bone that is palpable

A

C7

29
Q

Its body is heart-shaped, has long and sharp spinous process, has demifacets (costal facets), has transverse process, and its vertebral foramen is round

A

Thoracic spine (T1-T12)

30
Q

Its body is massive which is kidney-shaped, has short and flat spinous process, its pedicles and laminae are thicker and shorter, has transverse process, and its vertebral foramen is triangular

A

Lumbar spine (L1-L5)

31
Q

What are the joints formed at the vertebral column?

A
  1. Atlanto-occipital joint (atlas + occipital condyle)
  2. Atlanto-axial joint (atlas + axis)
  3. Zygapophyseal joint (superior articulating facet + inferior articulating facet)
32
Q

This bone protects the vital organs in the thorax

A

Thoracic cage

33
Q

This is an element of the thoracic cage that is located posteriorly

A

Thoracic vertebrae

34
Q

This is an element of the thoracic cage that is located laterally

A

Ribs

35
Q

This is an element of the thoracic cage that is located anteriory

A

Sternum and Costal cartilages

36
Q

Ribs 1-7 (from vertebrae to sternum)

A

True ribs

37
Q

Ribs 8-10

A

False ribs (that is attached from vertebrae to cartilages only)

38
Q

Ribs 11-12

A

False ribs (only attached to vertebrae)

39
Q

What are the joints formed at the thoracic cage

A
  1. Costovertebral joints (ribs + vertebrae)
  2. Costochondral joints (ribs + costal cartilages)
  3. Sternochondral joints (sternum + costal cartilages)
  4. Interchondral joints (false ribs + costal cartilages)

IT-RAD102 [MIDTERMS] (5 decks)

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