AVL: Vitreous haemorrhage

Question 1

Vitreous haemorrhage

Answer 1

Bleeding into vitreous cavity

Question 2

Causes of vitreous haemorrhage

Answer 2

Acute
- Trauma
- Retinal tear/detachment

Neovascularisation
- Retinal vein occlusion
- Proliferative diabetic retinopathy
- Age-related macular degeneration

Question 3

Clinical presentation of vitreous haemorrhage

Answer 3

Painless
Sudden blurring of vision/ Hazy
+/- floaters
Black spots/ cob webs

Question 4

Fundoscopy findings of vitreous haemorrhage

Answer 4

Absent/ decreased of red reflex
Optic disc, retina, vessels may be partially or completely obscured

Question 5

Management of vitreous haemorrhage

Answer 5

Conservative: Watch and wait
- Resorption of blood should occur over months

If non-resolving: Vitrectomy
- Surgical method of removing blood from the vitreous area

If 2’ to neovascularization:
IV Anti-VEGF

Question 6

Complications of vitreous haemorrhage

Answer 6

Hemosiderosis bulbi
Glaucoma