AVIT 414 Block 4 Flashcards
FAR Part 1
Definitions
What is the definition of PIC
- Final authority of the safety of the flight
- designated before or during the flight
- Have to be appropriately rated
FAR part 23.3
What is the difference between normal and utility category?
Normal - Less than 9 seats / 12500lbs, no aerobatics and bank can not exceed 60 degrees
Utility - Bank 60 - 90 degrees
FAR 23.51/23.53
What conditions determine the takeoff and 50 foot speed?
Standard Conditions, paved runway, no wind, specified takeoff config, full power
23.221
What is the difference in spin recovery requirements between normal, Utility/acrobatic airplane categories
Normal - Every aircraft has to recover from a 1 turn spin or a 3 second spin, and it must recover in 1 turn.
Utility/Aerobatic - meets normal recovery from 6 turn spin, after recovery is put in you get 1.5 turns and can’t exceed load factor, airspeed specifications and Can also not incapacitate the pilot
Part 43.3
Can a student as a private pilot perform preventative maintenance on an airplane?
YES
Part 43 Appendix A
What is the difference between major repair and preventative maintenance?
Major - Reinforcing, welding, something major
Preventative - Changing tire, adding oil, airing tire
Part 91.405
What maintenance inspections are required for an airplane that is being used for flight instruction?
- AVIATE
- If we don’t have an MEL, whatever is inop it must be placarded
- Must be fixed at next inspection
91.3
Who is directly responsible for, and final authority as to the operation of an aircraft?
The PIC - Can deviate after an emergency is declared
91.7
Who is responsible for determining airworthiness of an aircraft?
The PIC
91.7
Who is responsible for determining airworthiness of an aircraft?
The PIC. As soon as there is a discrepancy we have to end the flight
91.13
What constitutes a careless or reckless operation?
- If something were to happen, this is attached to it.
- If anything is to endanger another person this is the reg that goes with it
- Has to be intentional
91.25
Can I file a report under the aviation safety reporting program to avoid FAA action due to the result of an accident? The NASA report
- Yes, this is the first thing we are going to do when we get on the ground
- If its the result of an accident or a criminal offense it does not cover you
91.109
Can I give flight instruction to a student pilot in an aircraft with a single throw-over control wheel?
NO for student pilots, the only time its approved is when the student is a private pilot or higher, and the CFI has to be comfortable with it
91.207
Do I need an operating ELT in an aircraft that is being used for flight training
NO.
It can be INOP but the flight has to be within 50nm of departure airport
NTSB 830.2
How would you define an accident vs. Incident?
Accident - Death, serious injury, aircraft has substantial damage
Incident - An occurrence of anything that jeopardizes safety. Taxi and accidentally hit a wing of an A/C and dent it
NTSB 830.5
When do you need to contact the NTSB immediately after an aircraft incident or accident?
(1) Flight control system malfunction or failure;
(2) Inability of any required flight crewmember to perform normal flight duties as a result of injury or illness;
(3) Failure of any internal turbine engine component that results in the escape of debris other than out the exhaust path;
(4) In-flight fire;
(5) Aircraft collision in flight;
(6) Damage to property, other than the aircraft, estimated to exceed $25,000 for repair (including materials and labor) or fair market value in the event of total loss, whichever is less.
(7) For large multi engine aircraft (more than 12,500 pounds maximum certificated takeoff weight):
(8) Release of all or a portion of a propeller blade from an aircraft, excluding release caused solely by ground contact;
(9) A complete loss of information, excluding flickering, from more than 50 percent of an aircraft’s cockpit displays known as:
(10) Airborne Collision and Avoidance System (ACAS) resolution advisories issued when an aircraft is being operated on an instrument flight rules flight plan and compliance with the advisory is necessary to avert a substantial risk of collision between two or more aircraft.
(11) Damage to helicopter tail or main rotor blades, including ground damage, that requires major repair or replacement of the blade(s);
(12) Any event in which an operator, when operating an airplane as an air carrier at a public-use airport on land:
91.111
What altitude do pilots need oxygen?
Pilots - If more than 30 min above 12,500 MSL
Or
All times above 14,000 Ft MSL
Passenger - Above 15,000 Ft MSL
61.31(f)
What constitutes a high performance aircraft?
Greater than 200hp. So 201hp
Must hold high performance endorsement
61.31(g)
What type of training is required for a high altitude endorsement?
- Ground training and flight training
- Flight phys
- New systems (pressurization systems)
61.3/61.23
Can you as a CFI exercise any of its privileges without holding a valid medical certificate?
Yes, the student needs private pilot or higher
61.5
How many different grades of flight instructor certs are issued by the FAA?
CFI
CFII
MEI
Same for helicopter
Same for glider
61.13
What are the guidelines for the application & qualification for a certificate or rating?
IACRA and FTN#
Certain certificates require certain medical
Pilot cert is suspended you cant get a new one
If pilot cert is revoked
61.15 and 61.16
What are the implications of being involved with drugs / alcohol with a pilots certificate?
Minimum of 1 year loss of privileges
61.17
What is the duration of a temporary pilot certificate?
120 days
Once you get the hard copy of pilot certificate, the temporary is invalid
Need to sign the pilot certificate
61.19
What is the maximum duration of a flight instructor certificate?
24 calendar months
Can apply 3 months early
61.23 What is the duration of a 1st class medical?
1st class Under 40 = 12 months Over 40 = 6 months
2nd class Any age, ATP Commercial pilots = 12months Under 40= 60 months Over 40= 24 months
3rd class Under 40= 60 months Over 40= 24 months
61.31d Can a private pilot fly an airplane solo when they do not have the appropriate category/class rating on their certificate?
Yes, if they are endorsed as a student pilot
61.35
What are the prerequisites for taking a written exam
Endorsement from instructor
Show government issued ID
61.37
What constitutes cheating on a FAA written exam?
(1) Copy or intentionally remove any knowledge test;
(2) Give to another applicant or receive from another applicant any part or copy of a knowledge test;
(3) Give assistance on, or receive assistance on, a knowledge test during the period that test is being given;
(4) Take any part of a knowledge test on behalf of another person;
(5) Be represented by, or represent, another person for a knowledge test;
(6) Use any material or aid during the period that the test is being given, unless specifically authorized to do so by the Administrator
61.39
What are the prerequisites for taking a flight test?
- Knowledge exam and must be valid. Valid for 24 cal months
- Have to have covered all deficient areas from the written
- Have to have aeronautical experience
- Have to have a valid medical
- Age requirements
- Must be endorsed
- IACRA endorsements
61.43
What are the overall criteria that are used to evaluate a private or commercial pilot applicant’s ability to perform the required pilot operations?
Have to meet Private ACS
Or
Have to meet CFI PTS
61.43
What are the overall criteria that are used to evaluate a private or commercial pilot applicant’s ability to perform the required pilot operations?
- PTS standards
- Mastery of aircraft
- Perform tasks specified in Areas of Operation
- Demonstrate sound judgment
61.45
What are the aircraft requirements for a flight test?
- Must be a U.S. aircraft
- Airworthy
- All equipment needed must be working
- 2 pilot stations that have controls that everyone can reach
61.47
Who is PIC during an FAA check ride?
Part 61, The applicant is the PIC not the DPE
61.49
Your student fails a flight test. How soon can the student retake the test?
Need a debrief
Can schedule a review flight with students and then cover the deficient areas. Could be same day
61.51
When can you as a CFI log PIC flight time?
All flights while acting as the authorized instructor
61.56
What can we use in lieu of a flight review?
1 hour of ground, 1 hour of flight
FAA wings program
New certificate
61.57
Under what circumstances is a pilot required to comply with the recency of experience requirements
3 T/O and landings in the 90 days
61.60
What happens if your student changes their address? What must they do with the FAA
Have to notify FAA within 30 days on the FAA website
61.63 Important - need to memorize What are the requirements to add a class rating to a pilot certificate?
PSES –> PSEL
For class
4 things need to be met..
-Logbook endorsement saying training is complete
-Have to pass practical exam
-No hour requirement (only thing different between category and class)
-No knowledge exam
1) Must have logbook or training record endorsement from an authorized instructor attesting that the person was found competent in the appropriate aeronautical knowledge areas and proficient in the appropriate areas of operations
2) Must pass practical test
3) Need not meet the specified training time requirements prescribed by this part that apply to pilot certificate for the aircraft class rating sought, unless, the person only holds a lighter-than-air category rating with a balloon class rating and is seeking an airship class rating, then that person must receive the specified training time requirements and possess the appropriate aeronautical experience
4) Need not take an additional knowledge test provided the applicant holds an airplane, rotorcraft, powered-lift, weight-shift control aircraft, powered parachute, or airship rating at the pilot certificate level
Category means you need to meet all the time requirements, class means you don’t have to meet time requirements
61.105
(1) Applicable Federal Aviation Regulations of this chapter that relate to private pilot privileges, limitations, and flight operations;
(2) Accident reporting requirements of the National Transportation Safety Board;
(3) Use of the applicable portions of the “Aeronautical Information Manual” and FAA advisory circulars;
(4) Use of aeronautical charts for VFR navigation using pilotage, dead reckoning, and navigation systems;
(5) Radio communication procedures;
(6) Recognition of critical weather situations from the ground and in flight, windshear avoidance, and the procurement and use of aeronautical weather reports and forecasts;
(7) Safe and efficient operation of aircraft, including collision avoidance, and recognition and avoidance of wake turbulence;
(8) Effects of density altitude on takeoff and climb performance;
(9) Weight and balance computations;
(10) Principles of aerodynamics, powerplants, and aircraft systems;
(11) Stall awareness, spin entry, spins, and spin recovery techniques for the airplane and glider category ratings;
(12) Aeronautical decision making and judgment; and
(13) Preflight action that includes -
(i) How to obtain information on runway lengths at airports of intended use, data on takeoff and landing distances, weather reports and forecasts, and fuel requirements; and
(ii) How to plan for alternatives if the planned flight cannot be completed or delays are encountered.
61.107 Flight proficiency For an airplane category rating with a single-engine class rating:
(i) Preflight preparation;
(ii) Preflight procedures;
(iii) Airport and seaplane base operations;
(iv) Takeoffs, landings, and go-arounds;
(v) Performance maneuvers;
(vi) Ground reference maneuvers;
(vii) Navigation;
(viii) Slow flight and stalls;
(ix) Basic instrument maneuvers;
(x) Emergency operations;
(xi) Night operations, except as provided in § 61.110 of this part; and
(xii) Postflight procedures.
Part 61 Subpart C
What are the aeronautical requirements for Solo
-Must take a knowledge test
Tested on
-Part 61, 91 stuff, airspace rules and procedures, and flight characteristics and operational limitations for the aircraft to be flown
-Instructor must administer the test and review all answers with the student prior to solo
https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/14/61.87
61.87
What are the solo requirements for student pilots?
15 Items
Aeronautical knowledge requirements for solo flights
Written exam items
-test given prior to solo flight
-instruct endorsing must issue test
-test must be corrected to 100%
-no score requirement but just remember it’s your ass on the line (maybe 70%?)
-Pre-solo flight training: received and logged flight training appropriate to the make/model
https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/14/61.87
61.103
Eligibility requirements to become a private pilot
Have to be 17 years old
Be able to ready write and understand english
Logbook endorsement from CFI
Prepared and pass the knowledge test
Meet aeronautical experience requirements
Must hold US student pilot certificate
61.89
What are the limitations of a student pilot?
(1) That is carrying a passenger;
(2) That is carrying property for compensation or hire;
(3) For compensation or hire;
(4) In furtherance of a business;
(5) On an international flight, except that a student pilot may make solo training flights from Haines, Gustavus, or Juneau, Alaska, to White Horse, Yukon, Canada, and return over the province of British Columbia;
(6) With a flight or surface visibility of less than 3 statute miles during daylight hours or 5 statute miles at night;
(7) When the flight cannot be made with visual reference to the surface; or
(8) In a manner contrary to any limitations placed in the pilot’s logbook by an authorized instructor.
What are the 4 things that must be included in all maintenance records?
- Description
- Date
- Person who performed the maintenance
- Signature, certificate number, and kind of certificate
Who can authorize an aircraft’s return to service after inspection or repair? (3)
- Administrator or their designee holder of an A&P
- Repair station
- Manufacturer
How long do you have to tell the FAA about a drug or alcohol violation?
60 days
If a certificate is lost or destroyed and you receive a temporary replace,net, how long is the replacement valid for?
60 days
3 people who can issue a student pilot certificate
- AME
- DPE
- FAA inspector
For solo flight, what 3 things are required on the knowledge test?
- Applicable sections of Parts 61 and 91
- Airspace rules and procedures for airport where the solo will take place
- Flight characteristics and operating limitations for the aircraft to be flown
What are the visibility limitations for a student pilot?
3sm day, 5sm night
Hour requirements for commercial pilot (Part 61)
- 250 hours total (100 in powered aircraft with at least 50 in an airplane)
- 100 PIC (50 in airplane)
- 50 solo XC (10 in airplane)
- 50 dual XC
- 2 night XC
- 10 complex
- 5 night, 10 takeoffs and landings
- 10 instrument (5 in ASEL)
Hour requirements for private pilot (Part 61)(61.109)
- 40 hours total time
- 20 hours dual given
- 3 hours xc
- 3 hours night
- 1 xc over 100nm and 10 t/o and landings
- 3 hours instrument
- 3 hours dual given with instructor before stage within the last 2 calendar months
- 10 hours solo
- 5 hours xc
- 1 XC greater than 150nm, 3 legs
- 3 t/o and landings with operating control tower
Does a CFI need an instrument rating?
Yes. For basic instrument instruction
Requirements for a CFI to teach other CFIs
- Cert for 24 calendar months
- 200 hours dual given (400 for Part 141)
Which records must be kept for 3 years?
- Solo
- Written
- Practical
How can a CFI cert be renewed?
- 80% and at least 5 students pass in 24 calendar months
- Complete approved CFI refresher course
- Duties and responsibilities, asked by chief CFI)
61.183 Subpart H
What are the eligibility requirements to be a CFI?
- Must be 18
- Be able to read, speak, write, and understand English
- Hold a commercial or ATP cert with appropriate aircraft category and class rating
- An instrument rating
- Logbook endorsement for FOI and pass knowledge test
- Proficiency in stall awareness, spin entry, and spin recovery procedures
- log 15 hours as PIC in category and class
61.185 Subpart H
What is required for the aeronautical knowledge?
Receive and log ground training from instructor on
(i) The learning process;
(ii) Elements of effective teaching;
(iii) Student evaluation and testing;
(iv) Course development;
(v) Lesson planning; and
(vi) Classroom training techniques
61.187 Subpart H
Flight proficiency
(a) General. A person who is applying for a flight instructor certificate must receive and log flight and ground training from an authorized instructor on the areas of operation listed in this section that apply to the flight instructor rating sought. The applicant’s logbook must contain an endorsement from an authorized instructor certifying that the person is proficient to pass a practical test on those areas of operation.
https: //www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?node=pt14.2.61&rgn=div5#sp14.2.61.h
61.189 Subpart H
What is required for flight instructor records?
- We have to sign for all dual given and ground briefings
- We need to have a separate document that says, name of each person, for solo flight privileges, knowledge exams(kind of test, date, results)
- Have to keep it for 3 years
61.191 Subpart H
Once you take the FOI do you have to take it again?
No
61.193 Subpart H
What are the flight instructor privileges?
- A student pilot cert
- Pilot cert
- A flight instructor cert
- Ground instructor cert
- Aircraft rating
- Instrument rating
- Flight review, operating privilege, or recency of experience requirements
- Practical test
- Knowledge test
- Can verify the identity of the applicant
61.195 Subpart H
What are the flight instructor limitations?
- 8 hour flight time in 24 hours
- cant self endorse
- Have to hold appropriate category and class rating
61.197 Subpart H
Renewal requirements for CFI cert
Expires after 24 Calendar months
24 calendar months
Renew:
- 8710 IACRA form on FAA website
- Practical test
- 80% pass rate in last 24 months
- Refresher course within the preceding 3 months (FIRC)
- Serve as stage pilot, chief flight instructor
If expired, to reinstate:
-Practical test
61.199 Subpart H
Reinstatement of expired CFI Cert
-Take a practical test
What documents must be in possession to give flight instruction?
- Government ID
- Pilot certificate
- Medical certificate.
