Aviation Weather Reports and Forecasts

Question 1

What does 1. METAR, 2.SPECI and 3. TAF mean?

Answer 1

1. Aviation Routine Weather Report
2. Aviation Selected Special Weather Report
3. Aerodrome forecast

Question 2

metars are issued in telex form usually every -

And updated every -

If the weather changes during the intervals of sending out routine reports, then the new weather information is distributed as a -

Criteria for this is changes in -

Answer 2

Three hours

half hour

Speci

Wind, Visibility, Weather and low cloud

Question 3

If any element cannot be observed the group in which it would have been encoded is replaced by the symbol -

Answer 3

////

Question 4

Wind on a METAR and SPECI is indicating in -

Answer 4

Degrees True to. the nearest ten

Question 5

When it forecasted that the maximum wind speed will exceed the mean speed by 10 knots or more, the maximum wind speed is indicated by adding -

Answer 5

G(gusting) followed by the gusting speed

Question 6

IF during the __ minute period preceding the observation, the total variation in wind direction is __ degrees or more and the mean wind speed is greater than _ knots the observed two extreme directions between which the wind has varied is indicated in a clockwise order. Example: 240V015

Answer 6

IF during the 10 minute period preceding the observation, the total variation in wind direction is 60 degrees or more and the mean wind speed is greater than 3 knots the observed two extreme directions between which the wind has varied is indicated in a clockwise order

Question 7

The U, D or N in a METAR or SPECI report relavent to the visibility and RVR segment mean -

Answer 7

U for increasing visibility

D for decreasing visibility

N for no change

Question 8

When actual RVR values are outside the measuring range of the observing equipment in use, the following procedures apply:

1. RVR more than _____m, Code _
2. RVR less than __m - Code _

Answer 8

When actual RVR values are outside the measuring range of the observing equipment in use, the following procedures apply:

1. RVR more than 1500m, Code P
2. RVR less than 50m - Code M

Question 9

VC in the present weather segment indicate:

Answer 9

In the vicinity, within 8km.

Question 10

CAVOK means:

Answer 10

1. Visibility greater than 10km
2. No cloud below 5 000ft or the MSA, whichever is the greater, and no CBs.
3. No significant weather

Question 11

RE followed by two letter indicates:

Answer 11

Recent weather

Question 12

Trend forecast:

BECMG, TEMPO and NOSIG could be followed by -

Answer 12

AT(at)

FM(from)

TL(until)

Question 13

TAFs are updated every -

Answer 13

3 hours

Question 14

Segments that are unique to a TAF:

Answer 14

1. Date and time period. The date and time of the with a Z followed by the time period.
2. The added “PROB” in addition to BECMG, TEMPO and NOSIG.
3. Relevant to temperature, TX to indicate maximum and TN to indicate minimum. This will be followed by time, and the time will be followed by the letter Z.
4. Icing data is preceded by the number 6. Followed by the icing code, height AGL and thickness layer.
5. Turbulence code is same as icing, but preceded by the number 5.

Question 15

Both METAR and TAF indicate surface wind in -

Answer 15

degrees true to the nearest ten

Question 16

TEMP means?

Answer 16

Less than an hour

Question 17

Relevant to RVR:

U, D and N means respectfully?

Answer 17

U - Increasing
D - Decreasing
N - No change

Question 18

The next items in the METAR (d, e, f and g) are the observed wind information. Firstly, the direction of the wind given in degrees true, rounded up or down to the nearest 10 degrees, (d), and then the wind speed in knots, (e), which is a mean speed taken over a __ minute period. However, if a gust is observed which is at least __ knots more than the mean wind speed, then a gust figure, (g), comes after the mean wind; this gust figure is preceded by the letter G, (f).

Answer 18

The next items in the METAR (d, e, f and g) are the observed wind information. Firstly, the direction of the wind given in degrees true, rounded up or down to the nearest 10 degrees, (d), and then the wind speed in knots, (e), which is a mean speed taken over a 10 minute period. However, if a gust is observed which is at least 10 knots more than the mean wind speed, then a gust figure, (g), comes after the mean wind; this gust figure is preceded by the letter G, (f).

Question 19

variability of the wind. Variability of direction is included when the wind direction, over the preceding __ minutes, has changed by __° or more. The letter V will appear between these two extremes. If there is no wind, the coding, 00000KT, will be used. If the wind direction cannot be defined then VRB (for variable) replaces the direction.

Answer 19

variability of the wind. Variability of direction is included when the wind direction, over the preceding 10 minutes, has changed by 60° or more. The letter V will appear between these two extremes. If there is no wind, the coding, 00000KT, will be used. If the wind direction cannot be defined then VRB (for variable) replaces the direction.

Question 20

METAR:

Visibility is indicated by 0000 if it is less than -

Answer 20

50. meters

Question 21

METAR:

If the RVR is more than the maximum reportable value of _____ metres, the code _ is used in front of the visibility value

If the visibility is less than __ m then the prefix __ will be used

Answer 21

If the RVR is more than the maximum reportable value of 1500 metres, the code P is used in front of the visibility value

Question 22

State the meaning of each:

Descriptors:

MI - 
BC - 
BL - 
SH - 
TS - 
FZ -
PR -

Answer 22

MI - Shallow
BC - Patches
BL - Blowing
SH - Shower(s)
TS - Thunderstorms
FZ - Freezing (Supercooled)
PR - Partial (covering part of aerodrome)

Question 23

State the meaning of each:

Precipitation:

DZ - 
RA - 
SN - 
IC - 
PL - 
GR -
GS -
UP -
PY -

Answer 23

DZ - Drizzle 
RA - Rain 
SN - Snow
IC - Ice Crystals (Diamond Dust)
PL - Ice Pellets
GR - Hail
GS - Small hail - (<5 mm in diameter and/or snow pellets)
UP - Unknown Precipitation
PY - Spray

Question 24

State the meaning of each:

Obscuration:

BR - 
FG - 
FU - 
VA - 
DU - 
SA -

Answer 24

BR - Mist
FG - Fog
FU - Smoke
VA - Volcanic Ash
DU - Widespread Dust
SA - Sand HZ - Haze

Question 25

State the meaning of each:

Other:

PO -
SQ -
FC -
SS -

Answer 25

PO - Dust/Sand Whirls (Dust Devils)
SQ - Squall
FC - Funnel Cloud(s) (tornado or water spout)
SS - Sandstorm/ Duststorm

Question 26

A Thunderstorm report will appear in a METAR if thunder has been heard within the last __ minutes.

Answer 26

A Thunderstorm report will appear in a METAR if thunder has been heard within the last 10 minutes.

Question 27

CAVOK criteria(4):

Answer 27

• the visibility must be 10 kilometres or more.
• the height of the lowest cloud must be no less than 5000 ft, or the level of highest minimum
sector altitude, whichever is the greater.
• there must be no cumulonimbus or ‘towering cumulus’ (TCU) present.
• there must be no significant weather at or in the vicinity of the aerodrome.

Question 28

A TREND forecast is valid for _ hours after the time of the observation of the METAR, and constitutes the final section of the METAR. The change in weather conditions indicated by the code, TREND, can be further qualified by the codes, BECMG, meaning becoming, or TEMPO meaning temporarily.

Answer 28

A TREND forecast is valid for 2 hours after the time of the observation of the METAR, and constitutes the final section of the METAR. The change in weather conditions indicated by the code, TREND, can be further qualified by the codes, BECMG, meaning becoming, or TEMPO meaning temporarily.

Question 29

TEMPO means a maximum of -

Answer 29

60 minutes

Question 30

Which of the following weather reports is a warning of conditions that could be potentially hazardous to aircraft in flight?

A
SPECI

B
ATIS

C
SIGMET

D
TAF

Answer 30

C

SIGMET

Question 31

RVR is only reported -

Answer 31

in a METAR