Aviation Law Flashcards
ICAO
International Civil Aviation Organisation
SARPs
Standards and Recommended Practices
PANS
Procedures for Air Navigation Services
Describe the role of ICAO
Foster the development of civil aviation
Facilitate international travel
Supervise requirements of convention (as laid out in annexes)
What are the 5 elements of the International Air Transport Agreement?
What is the key principle laid out by them?
Fly over foreign countries without landing
Non-traffic landing in foreign countries for refueling and overhaul
Transport passengers and cargo from homeland to foreign countries
Transport passengers and cargo from foreign countries to homeland
Transport passengers and cargo between other foreign countries
Automatic right of transport and emergency landing
Explain the difference between SARPs and PANS
A specification that the application of is necessary/desirable for safety, regularity or efficiency of international air navigation
5 ICAO Annexes
1 Personnel Licensing 2 Rules of the Air 3 Meteorological Services 11 Air Traffic Services 12 Search and Rescue
AIP
Aeronautical Information Publication
NOTAM
Notice to Air Men
AIRAC
Aeronautical Information Regulation and Control
AIC
Aeronautical Information Circular
UOI
Unit Operating Instructions
LOA
Letters of Agreement
What is an AIP?
Constitute the basic information source for permanent information and long duration temporary changes
A manual containing thorough regulations, procedures and other information pertinent to flying aircraft in the country to which is relates (aerodrome plate for example)
What is a NOTAM?
Notice containing information about the establishment, condition or change in any aeronautical facility, service, procedure or hazard. Essential information for personnel concerned with flight operations
What is an aerodrome emergency plan?
Why do we have them?
A procedure prepared at an aerodrome so that it can cope with an emergency at the aerodrome or in the vicinity
The objective of an AEP is to minimise the effects of said emergency, particularly with lives lost and maintaining aircraft operations
What are the 3 NOTAM types?
NOTAMN New
NOTAMR Replacement
NOTAMC Cancelled
When should the issue of a NOTAM be required? Name 10
Establishment, withdrawal, significant change to:
Closure (aerodrome, heliport, runway)
Aeronautical Services
Electronic and other aids to air navigation
Visual aids
Aerodrome lighting systems
Procedures
Defects or impediments in the maneuvering area
Availability of fuel, oil and oxygen
SAR facilities
Hazard beacons
Changes in regulation requiring immediate action
Presence of hazards affecting air navigation
Significant obstacles
Prohibited, Restricted or Danger areas
Interception
Location indicators
Level of protection normally available at an aerodrome from SAR and Fire Services
Wet Hazardous conditions (snow slush ice water)
Epidemics
Solar cosmic radiation
Volcanic activity
Toxic/radioactive material in the atmosphere follow nuclear or chemical incident
Humanitarian relief missions
Short-term contingency measures
ATS
Air Trafic Services
COM
Aeronautical Telecommunication
MET
Meteorological service for international air navigation
SAR
Search and Rescue
AIS
Aeronautical Information Services`
ATC
Air Traffic Control
FIS
Flight Information Service
ADVS
Air Traffic Advisory Service
ALRS
Alerting Service
TWR
Aerodrome Control
APP
Approach Control
ACC
Area Control
ATIS
Automatic Terminal Information Service
ATM
Air Traffic Managament
CNS
Communication, Navigation and Surveillance
ANS
Air Navigation Services
What are the components of ANS?
ATS COM MET SAR AIS
These are all detailed as SARPs in the Annexes
What are the components of ATS?
FIS
ALRS
ADVS
ATC
What are the components of ATC?
TWR Aerodrome Control (tower)
APP Approach Control (office)
ACC Area Control (centre)
What is the role of FIS?
A service provided for the purpose of giving advice and information useful for the safe and efficient conduct of flights
What are the components of FIS?
AFIS Aerodrom Flight Information Service
OFIS Operational Flight Information Service
ATIS Automatic Terminal Information Service
TIBA Traffic Information Broadcast by Aircraft
What is the role of ADVS?
Separate aircraft on IFR flight plans
Make information on collision hazards more effective than it would be with only FIS
Temporary measure until they can be replaced with an ATC
What is the role of ALRS?
Notify organisations regrading aircraft in need of SAR
What is ATM?
Air Traffic Management
ICAO Doc 4444 defines ATM as the dynamic, integrated management of air traffic and airspace - safely, economically and efficiently
What is CNS?
Communication, Navigation and Surveillance
The systems by which ATM is achieved
CTA
Control Area
TMA
Terminal Control Area
UTA
Upper Control Area
OCA
Oceanic Control Area
FIR
Flight Information Region
UIR
Upper Information Region
ATZ
Aerodrome Traffic Zone
CTR
Control Zone
What is a Flight Information Zone?
A flight information zone is established where aerodrome flight information service is provided at an uncontrolled aerodrome
What is a controlled aerodrome?
A controlled aerodrome is an aerodrome at which air traffic control service is provided to aerodrome traffic
What is a CTR?
A controlled airspace extending upwards from the surface of the earth to a specified upper limit
Class A Airspace
IFR only
ATC Service
All separated
Class B Airspace
IFR and VFR
ATC Service
All Separated
Class C Airspace
IFR and VFR ATC service Separation for: IFR x IFR IFR x VFR VFR x VFR receive traffic information
Class D Airspace
IRF and VFR ATC service Separation for IFR x IFR IFR receive traffic information on VFR VFR x VFR receive traffic information
Class E Airspace
IFR and VFR
ATC Service
Separation for IFR x IFR
All receive traffic information
Class F Airspace
IFR and VFR
IFR receive ADVS
All receive traffic information if requested
Glass G Airspace
IFR and VFR
All receive traffic information if requested
Uncontrolled airspace
What is a control area?
Controlled airspace extending upwards from a specific limit
Vicinity of airport
Upper and lower levels
Usually above CTR/TMA up to UTA base
What is a terminal control area?
Control area at the confluence of ATS routes, in the vicinity of one or more major aerodromes
Surround/above CTR
What is an upper control area?
FL 245 to FL660(EU)/FL600(US)
What is an oceanic control area?
Control area from specified level to upper limit in oceanic areas
What is an FIR?
A “manageable chunk” of airspace for the provision of ATS
Globe divided into regions by ICAO (no standard sizes)
Surface to upper limit
FIS and ALRS provided
What is a UIR
Upper Flight Information Region
FL 245 to upper limit
Above FIR
What is an oceanic flight information region?
Specified level to upper limit in oceanic areas
What is a danger area?
Danger to aircraft may exist at specific times
Pilots must consider danger levels but no approval is required
Safe when not active
On charts as D—
What is a restricted area?
Above land or territorial waters of a state, flight is restricted in accordance with conditions
Risk is such that it can no longer be left with pilot consideration
Conservation and special events
On charts as R—
What is a prohibited area?
Flight through area is prohibited
On charts as P—
What are the requirements for the issue of an air traffic control licence?
Annex 1 - Personnel Licensing
Age - 21
Knowledge: Air Law General Knowledge Human Performance Meteorology Navigation Operational Procedures Air Traffic Control Equipment
Experience - 3 months of satisfactory service engaged in the role of ATC
Medical Fitness - Hold a class 3 medical assessment
