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Exam 3 > Aviation Employments > Flashcards

Aviation Employments Flashcards

1
Q

Two Function of Offensive Air Support (OAS)

A

Destruction & Neutralization

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2
Q

What is Destruction

A

Destruction missions destroy enemy forces, equipment, supplies, and installations

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3
Q

What is Neutralization

A

Neutralization missions render areas, weapons, or enemy forces ineffective for a specified time

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4
Q

Two Categories of Offensive Air Support (OAS)

A

Deep Air Support (DAS)

Close Air Support (CAS)

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5
Q

Forms of Deep Air Support

A

Air Interdiction
Armed Reconnaissance
Strike Coordination and Reconnaissance (SCAR)

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6
Q

What is Air Interdiction

A

Air operations conducted to destroy, neutralize, or delay the enemy’s military potential before it can be brought to bear effectively against friendly forces at such distance from friendly forces that detailed integration of each air mission with the fire and movement of friendly forces is not required

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7
Q

What is Armed Reconnaisance

A

Locating and attacking targets of opportunity, in assigned general areas or along assigned ground communication routes, and not for the purpose of attacking specific/located briefed targets

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8
Q

What is Strike Coordination and Reconnaissance (SCAR)

A

A mission flown for the purpose of acquiring and reporting deep air support targets and coordinating armed reconnaissance or air interdiction missions upon those targets

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9
Q

Two Types of Close Air Support (CAS)

A 
Pre-Planned (Scheduled & On-Call)
Immediate Missions (Divert & On-Call)
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10
Q

Two Types of Anti-Air Warfare (AAW)

A

Offensive Anti-Air Warfare (OAAW)

Air Defense

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11
Q

Three Areas of Offensive Anti-Air Warfare (OAAW)

A

Preemptive Measures
Suppression of Enemy Air Defense (SEAD)
Local Air Superiority Measures

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12
Q

Two Categories of Air Defense

A

Active Air Defense

Passive Air Defense

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13
Q

Purpose of Anti-Air Warfare

A

To gain and maintain Air Superiority

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14
Q

Categories of Assault Support

A 
Combat Assault Transport
Air Delivery
Aerial Refueling
Air Evacuation
Tactical Recovery of Aircraft and Personnel (TRAP)
Air Logistical Support
Battlefield Illumination
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15
Q

Combat Assault Transport

A

Used to rapidly deploy forces, bypass obstacles or redeploy forces to meet the enemy threat

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16
Q

Air Delivery

A

Provides air delivery of troops, supplies and equipment

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17
Q

Aerial Refueling

A

Provides the aerial refueling to F/A-18, EA-6B, AV-8, CH-53, MV-22

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18
Q

Air Evacuation

A

Transportation of personnel and equipment from a forward operating base or remote areas. This includes flights from areas of operations to secure areas, CASEVAC, and extraction of forces

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19
Q

Tactical Recovery of Aircraft and Personnel (TRAP)

A

Involves the recovery of personnel and equipment while avoiding additional loss

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20
Q

Air Logistical Support

A

Performed by fixed wing aircraft and delivers troops, equipment and supplies to areas beyond helicopter range and lift capability or when surface transportation is slow or unavailable

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21
Q

Battlefield Illumination

A

Illumination of the battlefield

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22
Q

Purpose of Air Reconnaissance

A

Reduce the commander’s unknown risks

23
Q

Categories of Air Reconnaissance

A

Strategic Reconnaissance

Tactical Reconnaissance

24
Q

Strategic Reconnaissance

A

Gathering of information, which is used to affect policy on the national or international level

25
Q

Tactical Reconnaissance

A

The use of air vehicles to obtain information concerning terrain, weather, and the disposition, composition, movement, installations, lines of communications, electronic and communication emissions of enemy forces

26
Q

Types of Air Reconnaissance

A

Visual
Multi-Sensor Imagery
Electronic

27
Q

Visual Air Reconnaissance

A

The gathering of information by aircrew by looking through the window of the cockpit or through sensors and verbally passing what is seen to the ground forces

28
Q

Multi-Sensor Imagery Air Reconnaissance

A

The passing of imagery from aircraft to ground forces

29
Q

Electronic Air Reconnaissance

A

The gathering of information on how the enemy is utilizing the electromagnetic spectrum

30
Q

Three Types of Terminal Control

A

Type 1
Type 2
Type 3

31
Q

Terminal Control Type 1

A

Used when the risk assessment requires them to visually acquire the attacking aircraft and the target under attack

32
Q

Terminal Control Type 2

A

Used when the terminal controller desires control of individual attacks but assesses that either one or a combination of any two or three of the following conditions exist:
• Visual acquisition of the attacking aircraft by the terminal controller at weapons release/launch is not possible
• Visual acquisition of the target by the terminal controller at weapons release/launch is not possible
• When attacking aircraft are not in a position to acquire the mark or target prior to weapons release/launch

33
Q

Terminal Control Type 3

A

Used when the terminal controller requires the ability to provide clearance for multiple attacks within a single engagement subject to specific attack restrictions

34
Q

Conditions for Effective CAS

A
  • Effective training and proficiency
  • Planning and integration
  • Command, control, and communications (C3)
  • Air superiority
  • Target marking and acquisition
  • Streamlined and flexible procedures
  • Appropriate ordnance
  • Favorable weather
35
Q

Airspace Control Measures

A 
Control Points
Contact Points (CP)
Initial Point (IP)
Holding Area (HA)
Battle Position (BP)
36
Q

CAS Key Personnel

A

Forward Air Controller (FAC)
Joint Terminal Attack Controller (JTAC)
Terminal Controller
Forward Air Controller (Airborne) (FAC(A))

37
Q

What lines of the CAS 9-Line will be read back

A

Lines 4, 6 and restrictions

38
Q

CAS 9-Line, Line 1

A

Initial Point (IP) / Battle Position (BP)

  • IP is the starting point for the run-in to the target 5-15nm from the target area (8-12nm optimal)
  • For rotary-wing aircraft, the BP is where attacks on the target are commenced, normally 1-5km from target area
  • This is the first reference point of the nine-line brief
39
Q

CAS 9-Line, Line 2

A

Heading

  • Given in degrees magnetic from the IP to the target or from the center of the BP to the target
  • Terminal controllers give an offset (offset left/right) if a restriction exists (Fixed-wing only); the offset is the side of the IP-to-target line on which aircrews can maneuver for the attack
40
Q

CAS 9-Line, Line 3

A

Distance

  • Given from the IP/BP to the target
  • For fixed-wing aircraft, The distance is given in NM and should be accurate to a tenth of an NM
  • For attack helicopters, the distance is given in meters from the center of the BP and is accurate to the nearest 100m
41
Q

CAS 9-Line, Line 4

A

Target Elevation
This line will be read back
Given in feet above mean sea level (MSL). Found by utilizing the contour interval on your map
- 1m = 3.3ft

42
Q

CAS 9-Line, Line 5

A

Target Description
- Should be specific enough for the aircrew to recognize the target.
- Target should be described using the acronym STD:
S = Size (how many? i.e. , 4)
T = Type (what is it? i.e., Tank, Troops, APC)
D = Description (where is it? what is it doing? i.e., In the open, on a road)
- Describe a single target and adjust to other targets after the desired effects are met
- A good description of the target assists the aircrew with correct weaponeering

43
Q

CAS 9-Line, Line 6

A

Target Location
This line will be read back
The terminal controller can give the target location in:
- Grid coordinates (most commonly accepted method). If using grid coordinates, terminal controllers must include the 100,000-square meter grid identification (Example: TH 804677).
- Latitude and longitude.
- Visual description from a conspicuous reference point.
- Because of the multiple coordinate systems available for use, the datum that will be used must always be specified (i.e., WGS-84)

44
Q

CAS 9-Line, Line 7

A

Mark

  • The type of mark the terminal controller will use [White phosphorous (WP), Illumination (Illum) on deck, laser, Infrared (IR) pointer, etc.].
  • The mark must be distinguishable in the operational environment.
  • Assists in CAS accuracy.
  • Enhances situational awareness.
  • Reduces the possibility of fratricide.
  • An effective mark is within 300 meters of the target.
  • WP and other indirect marks should be on the deck 30 seconds prior to TOT.
  • Illumination on deck should land 45 seconds prior to TOT.
  • A backup mark should be used whenever possible, preferably a different type from the primary (i.e. primary mark – WP, backup mark – Illum on deck).
  • The terminal controller may “talk the aircrew onto the target” by verbally describing the target to be attacked.
45
Q

CAS 9-Line, Line 8

A

Location of Friendlies

  • The direction and distance of friendlies from the target.
  • A cardinal/semi-cardinal direction from the target (North, North East, North West, South, South East, South West, East, or West).
  • Distance given in meters.
  • If the friendly position is marked, identify the type of mark.
  • Do not pass friendly grid locations during the 9-line.
46
Q

CAS 9-Line, Line 9

A

Egress
The instructions the aircrews use to exit the target area. Can be given:
- As a cardinal/semi-cardinal direction
- By using control points
The word, “Egress,” is used before delivering the egress instructions

47
Q

Aircraft Used for Combat Assault Transport

A
  • Marine Medium Helicopter Squadron (HMM: 12 CH-46E)
  • Marine Heavy Helicopter Squadron (HMH: 16 CH-53E or 8 CH-53D)
  • Marine Light/Attack Helicopter Squadron (HMLA: 9 UH-1N)
  • Marine Aerial Refueler/Transport Squadron (VMGR: 12 KC-130)
  • Marine Medium Tiltrotor Squadron (VMM: 12 MV-22)
48
Q

Aircraft Used for Air Delivery

A
  • Marine Aerial Refueler/Transport Squadron (VMGR: 12 KC-130)
  • Marine Medium Tiltrotor Squadron (VMM: 12 MV-22)
49
Q

Aircraft Used for Aerial Refueling

A
  • Marine Aerial Refueler/Transport Squadron (VMGR: 12 KC-130)
50
Q

Aircraft Used for Air Evacuation

A
  • Marine Medium Helicopter Squadron (HMM: 12 CH-46E)
  • Marine Heavy Helicopter Squadron (HMH: 16 CH-53E or 8 CH-53D)
  • Marine Light/Attack Helicopter Squadron (HMLA: 9 UH-1N)
  • Marine Aerial Refueler/Transport Squadron (VMGR: 12 KC-130)
  • Marine Medium Tiltrotor Squadron (VMM: 12 MV-22)
51
Q

Aircraft Used for Tactical Recovery of Aircraft and Personnel (TRAP)

A
  • Marine Medium Helicopter Squadron (HMM: 12 CH-46E)
  • Marine Heavy Helicopter Squadron (HMH: 16 CH-53E or 8 CH-53D)
  • Marine Light/Attack Helicopter Squadron (HMLA: 9 UH-1N)
  • Marine Medium Tiltrotor Squadron (VMM: 12 MV-22)
52
Q

Aircraft Used for Air Logistical Support

A
  • Marine Aerial Refueler/Transport Squadron (VMGR: 12 KC-130)
  • Marine Medium Tiltrotor Squadron (VMM: 12 MV-22)
53
Q

Aircraft Used for Battlefield Illumination

A
  • Marine Aerial Refueler/Transport Squadron (VMGR: 12 KC-130)
  • Marine Fighter Attack Squadron (VMFA: 12 F/A-18)
  • Marine Attack Squadron (VMA: 12 AV-8)
  • Marine Light/Attack Helicopter Squadron (HMLA: 18 AH-1W/9 UH-1N)

Exam 3 (11 decks)

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