aviation Flashcards
What is the required ratio of CC to PAX?
Less than 19 PAX = CC is only a recommendation not a requirement
19 - 50 PAX = 1 CC
Even one PAX over 50 would require 2 CC on the flight
How many SCC are needed on a flight?
One
How many CC need to be responsible for each exit?
At least one for every pair of exits
What happens if there is a reduced number of CC on a scheduled flight?
The number of PAX must be reduced also (first come, first serve)
Who would stand in in the event of reduced CC?
CC on standby
How many variations of airplane can one CC be assigned to work on?
No more than three, except with the exception and approval of the competent authority
What can differ aircraft to aircraft?
Emergency equipment/ evacuation techniques/ door and exit operation
What are CC’s responsibilities?
To be at least 18 years old/ to have passed a medical examination/ to have successfully completed the initial training/ to possess a CCA
What do operators ensure routes include?
Ground facilities/ meteorological services/ required facilities/ survival guidelines/ training/ charts and maps/ flight altitude requirements
What is the definition of safety?
The state in which the possibility of harm to persons/ property damage is reduced to/ maintained at or below an acceptable level though a continuing process of hazard identification and safety risk management
What does SMS stand for?
Safety Management System
What are SMS responsible for?
Systematic approach to safety/ organizational structures/ accountabilities/ policies/ procedures
What are the four pillars of SMS?
Policy/ Risk Management/ Assurance/ Promotion
What are the four levels of the Iceberg Model when it comes to breaches of safety?
Accident/ Serious accident/ Incidents/ Occurrences, near misses, and latent conditions
What are stabilizers and where are they located on the plane?
Small wings located on the tail end of the aircraft
What are flaps and where are they located on the plane?
Surfaces at the back of the wings that, when extended, stall the speed of the aircraft, enabling the plane to fly safely at slower speeds
What are slats, and where are they located on the plane?
Front tips of the wings that provide a higher coefficient of lift, so that an aircraft can fly slower and smoother, and take off and land in a shorter distance
How many engines do Wizzair planes have?
2
When discussing the engines, where should you always be standing?
Always facing the FD
Which engine is on the right?
Engine 2
Which engine is on the left?
Engine 1
What is a fuselage?
The body of the airplane
What is the jet bridge?
Tunnels that connect the aircraft and the terminal to transport passengers
What does GPU stand for?
Ground power unit
What does APU stand for?
Auxiliary power unit
Which saves more fuel, the GPU, or the APU?
GPU
What is a girt bar?
Metal bar which has the evacuation slide attached to it, that connects into two brackets located on the floor at the door’s threshold, when the aircraft is prepared for deployment
what does MEL stand for?
Minimum equipment list
Where is the APU located?
Below the tail of the aircraft
Once a plane has landed, what is the turnaround time?
35 minutes
What does the ATC tower ensure?
Visual observation combined with the use of specialized equipment in order to control the aircraft’s movements
What does VFR stand for?
Visual Flight Rules
What does IFR stand for?
Instrument Flight Rules
What equipment is always onboard an aircraft?
Safety equipment/ emergency equipment
What are some examples of safety equipment?
Belts/ Safety instruction cards
What are some examples of emergency equipment?
Fire extinguisher/ Drop down oxygen masks
What does the number of safety/ emergency equipment in the passenger compartment depend on?
The number of PAX and crew
What can safety instruction cards not be?
Upside down in the back of the seats
How many fire extinguishers are required per number of seats?
1 for 7 to 30 seats
2 for 31 to 60 seats
3 for 61 to 200 seats
4 for 201 to 300 seats
What is the ELT and what does it do?
Emergency Locator Transmitter
Broadcasts distinctive signals on designated frequencies that may be manually activated or by a crash impact
Where are crash axes and crowbars located on the plane?
In the cabin, away from the passengers
What is a quick donning mask?
Portable oxygen
What is PBE?
Protective breathing equipment
What are some examples of PBE?
Smoke hoods, which last 15 minutes
When should you use fireproof gloves, and how many pairs are on board?
When handling dangerous goods and fighting fires
2 pairs
When should you use a megaphone?
In case of evacuation, when intercom loudspeakers fail
How long do emergency slides take to inflate?
3 to 10 seconds when a door is opened in the air
What are emergency slides fitted with in case they do not automatically inflate?
They are fitted with a manual inflation mechanism
What is a direct view?
A direct line of sight or visual contact with the cabin area and main aisles when the flight attendant is seated with the torso restraint
What is a journey log?
Document containing information on aircraft registration, crew members’ names, duty assignments, flight details, date, place of arrival and departure, which must be signed by the commander
What is a load sheet?
Document including all the calculations of mass and balance of the aircraft
What is the definition of turbulence?
Air movement that cannot be seen/ often occurs unexpectedly
What is wake turbulence?
Is experienced when an aircraft passes through the jet stream of another aircraft, and is often visible
What is CAT?
Clear Air Turbulence
What are the characteristics of CAT?
Unexpected and invisible
What does inbound mean?
A flight coming into the airport
What does outbound mean?
A flight going out of the airport
What is a Sterile Flight Deck compartment?
When flight crew members cannot be disturbed except for emergencies during the critical phase of flight
When is Pan Pan Pan used?
Used in emergency situations that do not impose life threatening danger
Must be repeated three times
When is Mayday Mayday Mayday used?
Used in emergency situations that pose life threatening danger
Must be repeated three times
What is CRM?
Crew Resource Management
What are CRM responsible for?
Efficient operations/ reduction of errors/ avoidance of stressful situations/ increased communication
What does SCP stand for?
Special Category Passenger
Who might need an individual safety demonstration?
SCP
What does PED stand for?
Personal Electronic Devices
What should CC do in the event of a hijacker?
1 crew member should have communication with the hijacker
Do not argue or antagonize
Do not discuss political matters
Do not appear superior
Do not allow the hijacker into the cockpit
Do not disarm the hijacker
Do not become mentally aligned with the hijacker
Do not open the plane doors
What happens before and after every flight?
Pre and post flight briefing
What is a joint crew briefing?
Led by commander
Mandatory
10 mins long
Occurs after safety briefing
What is a safety briefing?
Led by SCC
Occurs before joint crew briefing
Mandatory
Must occur 70 minutes before scheduled time of departure
What is a NITS briefing?
Emergency operation phone call
Must begin by stating “this is a NITS briefing”
Repeat everything to the commander
Are high heels allowed on the slide?
No, other than certain CC heels that have thicker heels
What do the letters in NITS stand for?
Nature of the problem/ Intentions/ Time/ Special Instructions
What are the duty time limitations?
60 duty hours in any consecutive 7 days
What are flight time limitations?
100 hours in any 28 consecutive days
900 hours in any calendar year
1000 hours in nay 12 consecutive calendar months
What is the definition of standby?
Pre-notified/ defined period of time a crew member is required to be available to receive flight assignments
What does SBY stand for?
Home standby
What does ASBY stand for?
Airport standby
What is the definition of airport standby?
Being at the disposal of the company at the airport, in case you are needed for duty
What is positioning?
The transferring of a non-operating crew member from one place to another, at the behest of the operator
What is Local Night?
Period of 8 hours falling between 22:00 and 08:00 local time
What is split duty?
A flight duty period, which consists of two duties separated by a break
What does ETA stand for?
Estimated time of arrival
What does UTC stand for and what is it also known as?
Universal time coordinated (also known as Zulu time)
What is ground duty?
Any duty other than flight duty assigned by the operator
What is the limit of sectors CC can complete per day?
2
What happens to the time if you travel East?
Goes forwards
What happens to the time if you travel West?
Goes backwards
What is a flight duty period?
Crew member is required to report for duty, which includes a sector/ series of sectors, and finishes when the aircraft’s engines are shut down
What is a duty period?
Starts when a crew member is required to report for duty, and ends when that person is free of all duties
What is estimated off block time?
The estimated time at which the aircraft will commence movement associated with departure
What is flight time?
The time between an aircraft first moving from its parking place for the purpose of taking off, until it rests on the designated parking position, and all engines are shut down
What is block on?
Time when the aircraft comes to its final parking position, and engines are shut down
What is slot time?
The permission to use the full range of an airport infrastructure necessary to operate an air service at a coordinated airport, and a specific date and time for a purpose of landing or take off
What is maximum time CC must be able to reach the airport in when on SBY?
90 minutes
What is the maximum time you can be on ASBY?
6 hours
What is the maximum time you can be on SBY at home?
16 hours
What is the maximum FDP from SBY?
18 hours
What is the maximum FDP from ASBY?
16 hours
What are the aspects of SBY?
Duty time/ Maximum FDP
How much time spent on SBY is counted as duty time?
25%
Example: 5 hours = 1 hour 15 mins counted as duty time
What does RES stand for?
Reserve day
What does RES describe?
A period of duty where crew members are required to be contactable
When must minimum rest be provided?
Before RES, but not applicable after RES
What is a smoke hood?
Portable, self-contained hood inside which oxygen is chemically generated to protect from smoke and toxic fumes
What are the elements of fire?
Oxygen/ Heat/ Fuel
How many elements of a fire have to be removed for it to be extinguished?
One
How do you remove oxygen from a fire on a surface and on a person?
With a fire extinguisher for a surface
Wrap a person in a non-flammable material and roll them on the ground
How do you remove heat from a fire on a surface and on a person?
Fire extinguisher on a surface
Room temperature water or other non-flammable liquids on people
How do you remove fuel from a fire?
By removing nearby objects that could be flammable
What is the golden rule for fire safety?
Prevention is better than cure
What are some preventative fire measures?
Regular cabin checks for unusual odours, electrical malfunctions, unusual noises, PEDs that could become fuel, and dangerous goods
Regular passenger checks for passengers smoking, PED usage, eye irritation, sore throats, and headaches
Regular lavatory checks for disposable containers, and smoke detectors being tampered with, bin overflowing,
