Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Special species > Avian organ systems > Flashcards

Avian organ systems Flashcards

1
Q

T/F: Avian visual acuity is 2-5x that of humans

A

FALSE–it’s 2-8x that of humans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

T/F: The size of bird eyes are very large in relation to the size of the skull

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the 3 different shapes of avian eyes?

A

Flat, globular, tubular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

T/F: The upper eyelid has more motility than the lower

A

FALSE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What kind of margin does the 3rd eyelid have?

What direction does it sweep the eye?

A

Pigmented

Sweeps cornea from superionasal to inferiotemporal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What occurs during the palpebral reflex in birds?

A

Partial lid closure while nictitans make a brisk, complete excursion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What does the nasolacrimal duct empty into?

A

Nasal cavity dorsal to the choanal cleft

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are sclera osscicles?

A

Ring of interdigitating pneumatic bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Why do birds move their entire head instead of just their eyes?

A

Limited occular motility–scleral osscicles + skull

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Why won’t commonly used mydriatics work in birds? What must you use instead?

A

Bird eyes have striated muscles instead of smooth

Must use general anesthesia instead (isoflurane as advantage)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Is the avian retina vascular or avascular? Is it pigmented?

A

Avascular

Both pigmented and non-pigmented

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What provides nutrients to the retinal tissue?

A

Pecten

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the advantage of a large fundus? Does it vary with the shape of the eye?

A

Greater visual activity, regardless of shape

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the area of greatest visual acuity?

A

Fovea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the difference between these two retinas?

what are the black arrows pointing to?

A

Left = pigmented

Right = non-pigmented

Black arrows = fovea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

T/F: There is no direct PLR in birds

A

TRUE

The opposite side will not dilate!

17
Q

What cells can be seen in a slit lamp?

A

Inflammatory cells in anterior chamber

18
Q

How does the avian heart compare to hearts of mammals?

A

4 chambers (like mammals)

Greater cardiac output

Higher blood pressure

19
Q

T/F: The heart is centrally located and large vessels are easily visualized on radiographs

A

TRUE

20
Q

What covers the apex of the heart on radiographs?

Is the cardiac silhouette visualized?

A

Liver

Yes

21
Q

What do avian RBCs look like?

What are heterophils?

A

Nucleated RBCs, oval shape

Heterophils = neutrophils

22
Q

How do you perform a WBC count?

A

40x objective

Count # WBC in 10 fields

Multiply average # x 200 = total WBC estimate/microliter

23
Q

What’s the rule of thumb for safe blood sampling amount?

A

1cc/100g

-or-

1% of body weight

24
Q

What vessel is being sampled?

A

Median metatarsal

25
Q

Label the picture:

A

From top to bottom:

Cere

Palatine cleft

Into the esophagus

Into the trachea

26
Q

What is the arrow pointing to?

A

Papillae

27
Q

What can cause blunting of papillae?

A

Hypovitaminosis A

28
Q

What structure is outlined?

A

Liver

29
Q

What are the functions of the proventriculus and ventriculus?

A

Proventriculus = glandular (secretions)

Ventriculus = muscular (grinds seeds)

30
Q

T/F: The crop is on the left and stomach is on the right

A

FALSE

Crop is on the RIGHT; stomach is on the LEFT

31
Q

Is the cloaca a good place to get samples, temp, place probe, etc.?

A

YES

32
Q

What organ is being poked?

A

Spleen

33
Q

What are the shaded structures?

A

Cranial = thymus

Caudal = bursa of fabricius

34
Q

Do birds have palpable lymph nodes like mammals?

A

NO

35
Q

What’s special about avian kidneys?

A

Uric acid instead of urea

Renal portal system–avoid injecting medications into lower limbs

36
Q

Bird ovaries?

A

SINGLE ovary on the left side

37
Q

Label everythinggggg

A

Special species (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions