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GCSE Computing > Autumn term 1 Mr Reid > Flashcards

Autumn term 1 Mr Reid Flashcards

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1
Q

What is measured in Hertz?

A

Clock cycles per second

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2
Q

A standard desktop computer has a Gigahertz of…

A

336

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3
Q

A one gigahertz processor…

A

executes 1 billion instructions per second

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4
Q

What is the technical name for simultaneous processing in multi-core computers?

A

concurrent processing

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5
Q

What is threading?

A

process where dif cores work on the same problem by splitting instructions

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6
Q

What is cache?

A

very small+fast memory
intermediatry between processor+RAM

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7
Q

What is the internet?

A

the physical components that make up a network of networks

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8
Q

What is the longest section of the FDE cycle?

A

fetch

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9
Q

what happens in the Decode section of the FDE cycle?

A

CU decodes instructions from CR

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10
Q

what happens in the Execute section of the FDE cycle?

A

Execute the instruction

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11
Q

what happens in the fetch section of the FDE cycle?

A

-PC holds address of next operation
-copy contents of PC to MAR
-Increment PC
-Load instructions/data pointed to by MAR to MDR

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12
Q

How is the internet differnet from the WWW?

A

The WWW is the software that runs on the internet, eg websites

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13
Q

What is an IP address?

A

A unique address that each computer has in order to communicate.

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14
Q

What version of IP addresses are we currently using?

A

Currently we’re using IP v4, which is four sets of 3 digit numbers up to 225)

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15
Q

Why are v4 IP addresses “running out”?

A

Many big companies have bought too many addresses but not sold them.

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16
Q

What are the four different registers?

A

PC, MAR,MDR,CIR

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17
Q

What does PC stand for?

A

Program Counter

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18
Q

What does MAR stand for?

A

Memory Address Register

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19
Q

What does MDR stand for?

A

Memory Data Register

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20
Q

What does CIR stand for?

A

Current Instruction Register

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21
Q

What does ALU stand for?

A

Arithmetic Logic Unit

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22
Q

What does ACC stand for?

A

Accumulator

23
Q

What does the PC do?

A

stores the address of the next instruction

24
Q

What does the MAR do?

A

stores the address of the data/instruction that has been found

25
Q

empty card

A

ignore it i’ll delete it at some point

26
Q

What does the CIR do?

A

Holds the result of calculations

27
Q

What does the ACC do?

A

holds the result of calculations from the ALU

28
Q

What does the CU do?

A

Synchronises the other components. The only component that can decode instructions

29
Q

what does URL stand for?

A

universal resource locator

30
Q

what does DNS stand for?

A

Domain name system

31
Q

What does DNS technology do?

A

translates URLS to IP addresses

32
Q

What is Moore’s law?

A

Every two years, computational power doubles

33
Q

What are the different factors affecting network performance?

A

Bandwidth, latency, error rate,

34
Q

what does latency mean?

A

latency is the amount of time a message takes to traverse a system, sometimes measured as the time taken for a data packet to be returned to sender, and sometimes from a to b

35
Q

what does bandwidth mean?

A

The amount of data that can be transmitted in a fixed amount of time. Usually expressed in bits/bytes per second

36
Q

What is error rate?

A

The degree of error encountered during a data transmission over a communication of data correction.

37
Q

What is hosting?

A

network hosts are computers which may offer services, resources + apps to users.
to have a website you need a host

38
Q

What is a peer to peer network?

A

all equal status
Each can act as client and server.
All request+provide services

39
Q

What is a server network?

A

network w/ a central server
all clients request services from it
need additional hardware

40
Q

What do LAN and WAN stand for

A

Local/Wide Area Network

41
Q

What is a LAN?

A

A network where computers are connected together over a small geographical ara such as a single building or site. It uses your own infrastructure

42
Q

What is a WAN?

A

A network where computers are connected over a large geographical area. This could be several buildings/sites, townwide, countywide or even countrywide. Uses other people’s infrastructure

43
Q

Give some examples of LANs

A

School network, home network, network in a shop

44
Q

Give an examples of a WAN

A

The Internet

45
Q

What is topology?

A

the network’s ‘shape’-how computers are connected.

46
Q

What are the advantages of a star topology?

A

-Each machine can share resources, such as printers, servers, routers, etc.
-if one member fails the network still works.

47
Q

What are the disadvantages of a star topology?

A

extra equipment/cabling is expensieve
if the main computer fails, they all fail

48
Q

What are the advantages of a mesh topology?

A

very quick to set up
usually uses wifi technology
can add or remove machines with ease
great for ad hoc networks
usually peer-to-peer

49
Q

What are the disadvantages of a mesh topology?

A

not very secure
more stations, slower network- could crash

50
Q

What is encryption?

A

a method of scrmabling data to produce data that makes no sebse without access to the key.

51
Q

Why is encryption used?

A

on an open or public wifi network, data can be intercepted. if encryption is used, intercepted data will have no meaning.

52
Q

What is the difference between encryption and coding?

A

coding is merely shortening the amount of data, which encryption is making the data unreadable.

53
Q

What is the encryption method used when using a secure site, eg amazon/your bank/etc?

A

SSL- secure socket layer

GCSE Computing (14 decks)

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